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Economia comportamental e prestação de informação nos mercados bancários de retalho

Authors: Júdice, Mariana Corte-Real Alarcão;

Economia comportamental e prestação de informação nos mercados bancários de retalho

Abstract

Durante a última década, tem vindo a assistir-se a um intenso esforço, comunitário e nacional, da regulação de deveres de informação nos mercados financeiros, incluindo o mercado de produtos e serviços bancários de retalho. Como racional subjacente, procurou-se dar a conhecer ao consumidor todos os elementos relevantes para a tomada de uma decisão informada e esclarecida sobre a contratação destes produtos. A economia comportamental e, em especial, as finanças comportamentais têm vindo a ocupar-se do estudo sobre os comportamentos desviantes dos agentes económicos nos mercados financeiros, questionando o postulado-base da prestação de informação como mecanismo de eficiência de mercado em que assenta a teoria económica clássica. Neste contexto, os contributos dos economistas comportamentais vieram demonstrar que a prestação de informação pode não ser, por si só, suficiente para assegurar a tomada de decisões racionais ou eficientes por parte dos consumidores na contratação de produtos e serviços bancários de retalho. Esta dissertação visa efetuar uma análise económico-comportamental da prestação de informação sobre produtos e serviços bancários de retalho, dando a conhecer os principais problemas daí resultantes, em particular os comportamentos desviantes (heurísticas e enviesamentos) dos consumidores, quando confrontados com os elementos de informação que lhes são prestados. Na posição aqui sustentada, a informação pode funcionar, ou não, como um “nudge”, dependendo sobretudo da forma segundo a qual a mesma é prestada. Apresentam-se ainda algumas soluções económico-comportamentais destinadas à resolução destas questões, em particular as soluções plasmadas no novo regime do crédito hipotecário, aprovado pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 74-A/2017, de 23 de junho. As soluções nesta sede propostas focar-se-ão, por um lado, na forma da prestação de informação propriamente dita e, por outro, noutros aspetos determinantes na respetiva interpretação pelos consumidores, como é o caso da influência social na sua ação decisória.

During the last decade, there has been an intense effort, both at community and national level, to regulate information duties in financial markets, including the retail banking products and services market. As underlying rationale, it was sought to make known to the consumers all the relevant elements to take a clear and informed decision with respect to the contracting of these products. Behavioural economics and, in particular, behavioural finance have been studying the deviant behaviour of economic agents in financial markets, questioning the basic premise of provision of information as a mechanism of market efficiency in which the classic economic theory is founded. In this context, the contributions of behavioural economists have demonstrated that the provision of information may not be sufficient to ensure rational or efficient consumer decision-making in the subscription of retail banking products and services. This thesis aims to carry out an economic-behavioural analysis of the provision of information on retail banking products and services, highlighting the main problems resulting therefrom, in particular the deviant behaviour (heuristics and biases) of consumers when confronted with the information elements that are provided to them. In our perspective, information may or may not work as a nudge, depending on how it is disclosed to the consumers. In this thesis, some economic-behavioural solutions aimed at resolving these issues are also presented and, in particular, the solutions embodied in the new mortgage credit regime, approved by Decree-Law no. 74-A/2017, of June 23. Our proposed solutions will focus on the form of information provision itself and on other aspects that are decisive in its interpretation by consumers, as the social influence in consumer decision-making.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Crédito hipotecário, Teses de mestrado - 2018, Mercado financeiro, Dever de informação, Economia comportamental, Direito

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green