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Efetividade terapêutica comparativa – metodologias de avaliação

Authors: Romão, Mariana Julião;

Efetividade terapêutica comparativa – metodologias de avaliação

Abstract

A Avaliação das Tecnologias de saúde (ATS) tem cada vez mais uma importância vital nos sistemas de saúde, pondo-se a necessidade de fazer escolhas devido ao vasto espólio terapêutico, à constante inovação da terapêutica e aos constrangimentos técnico-orçamentais vividos um pouco por toda a parte. Esta avaliação deve ter em conta os vários intervenientes no sistema e apresentar resultados em tempo útil, podendo ser conduzida quer a um nível nacional, quer internacional. A Avaliação da Efetividade Comparativa é uma ferramenta-chave da ATS, sendo o processo que compara os riscos e benefícios de uma ou mais tecnologias no contexto real. Este processo pretende acrescentar evidência àquela recolhida durante os estudos para obtenção de Autorização de Introdução no Mercado – que, por ter sido recolhida num contexto muito controlado, tem limitações na sua aplicabilidade ao contexto real. São várias as metodologias disponíveis para levar a cabo a Avaliação da Efetividade Comparativa, que possui uma componente de geração e outra de síntese de evidência. Estas metodologias podem ser aplicadas para comparar medicamentos, dispositivos médicos, intervenções terapêuticas, ações de saúde pública, etc. – quer seja entre pares ou entre tecnologias distintas. A Avaliação da Efetividade Comparativa tem um grande potencial de aplicação a áreas como a pediatria, a oncologia, a doença crónica múltipla ou os dispositivos médicos. O SiNATS – Sistema Nacional de Avaliação das Tecnologias de Saúde –, implementado recentemente, pretende mudar o paradigma da ATS em Portugal e por em destaque a avaliação comparativa da efetividade das várias tecnologias.

Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is increasingly vitally important in health systems, with the need to make choices given the large amount of therapies available, the constant therapeutic innovation and the technical and budgetary constraints experienced throughout the globe. This evaluation should take into account the various stakeholders and deliver results in a timely manner. HTA can be conducted at both national and international level. Comparative Effectiveness Research (CER) is a key tool of HTA, being the process that compares the risks and benefits of one or more technologies in the real world context. This process is intended to add evidence to that collected during studies to obtain Marketing Authorization - which has limitations in terms of generalizability to the actual context due to the highly controlled context in which it has been collected. There are several methodologies available to carry out Comparative Effectiveness Research, intended to both generate and synthetize evidence. These methodologies can be applied to compare medicines, medical devices, therapeutic interventions, public health actions, etc. - either between peers or between different technologies. CER has great potential for application to areas such as pediatrics, oncology, multiple chronic illness or medical devices. The recently implemented Sistema Nacional de Avaliação de Tecnologias de Saúde (SiNATS) aims to change the paradigm of HTA in Portugal and promote the application of CER to various technologies.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2016

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Dispositivos médicos, Ciências da Saúde, Avaliação de tecnologias de saúde, SiNATS, Efetividade comparativa, Mestrado Integrado - 2016

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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