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Fachadas vivas: desenvolvimento de protótipo de sombreamento passivo

Authors: Estes, Noa Leandro Romão;

Fachadas vivas: desenvolvimento de protótipo de sombreamento passivo

Abstract

A crescente procura de soluções que promovam a eficiência energética nos edifícios potencializa o aparecimento de alternativas aos sistemas existentes. No âmbito da redução dos ganhos solares e maximização da disponibilidade de luz natural, foi desenvolvido um protótipo de controlo solar com um material inteligente, o polietileno, que tem memória de forma e funciona simultaneamente como sensor e atuador. O protótipo procura replicar uma fachada viva, contemplando um elemento vertical opaco com envidraçado e um estore veneziano com movimento fototrófico. O sombreamento é dinâmico, alternando entre obstrução total e parcial, conforme a radiação solar incidente e temperatura ambiente. O mecanismo de controlo solar é constituído por uma placa de polietileno interligada a uma alavanca e a um sistema de cabos que regulam a inclinação das lâminas do estore. O protótipo é uma alternativa ao controlo manual nativo do dispositivo de sombreamento, tratando-se de um sistema passivo pois não consome energia elétrica nem combustível. Os ensaios experimentais ocorreram no Campus Solar da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, durante os meses de agosto e setembro, com a fachada orientada a nascente. Foram testadas e avaliadas diferentes afinações do mecanismo para operar em intervalos de temperaturas distintos. As fases de ativação e desativação do sombreamento foram bem sucedidas, tendo as lâminas percorrido praticamente toda amplitude angular ao longo de cerca de uma hora, variando entre 0º e 76º, respetivamente, estore aberto e fechado. Exposta ao sol, a placa de polietileno atingiu 53.5ºC e expandiu 2.1 milímetros, que foram alavancados para um deslocamento dos cabos de inclinação em 48 milímetros.

The growing demand for solutions that promote energy efficiency in buildings potentiates the emergence of alternatives to existing systems. In the scope of reducing solar gains and maximizing the availability of daylight, a solar control prototype was developed with a smart material, polyethylene, which has shape memory and functions simultaneously as a sensor and actuator. The prototype seeks to replicate a living facade, contemplating an opaque vertical element with glazing and a venetian blind with phototrophic movement. The shading is dynamic, alternating between total and partial obstruction, according to incident solar radiation and ambient temperature. The solar control mechanism consists of a polyethylene plate interconnected to a lever and to a system of cables that regulate the blind’s slat tilt. The prototype is an alternative to the native manual control of the shading device, being a passive system because it consumes neither electric energy nor fuel. The experimental tests took place in the Solar Campus of the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, during the months of August and September, with the facade facing East. Different tunings of the mechanism have been tested and evaluated to operate at different temperature ranges. The shading activation and deactivation phases were successful, with the slats covering almost the entire angular range over about an hour, from 0 ° to 76 °, respectively, open and closed blinds. Exposed to the sun, the polyethylene plate reached 53.5 ° C and expanded 2.1 millimeters, which were leveraged for a displacement of the tilt cables by 48 millimeters.

Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia da Energia e do Ambiente, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, em 2018

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia do Ambiente, Teses de mestrado - 2018, Sombreamento solar dinâmico, Sistema passivo, Material com memória de forma, Termo-mecânico, Fachadas responsivas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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