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Tacto, bom senso e prudência nos manuais de pedagogia e didáctica do magistério primário : a dimensão hermenêutica do trabalho do professor (Portugal, 1870-1950)

Authors: Girão, Laura Maria Batista da Mota, 1965-;

Tacto, bom senso e prudência nos manuais de pedagogia e didáctica do magistério primário : a dimensão hermenêutica do trabalho do professor (Portugal, 1870-1950)

Abstract

Although that coincides with a period where the science of education was being instituted, the pedagogical and didactic literature clearly talked about the legitimacy and autonomy of the professional practice of teaching. For instance, in this work I show how Portuguese pedagogy and didactic manuals for elementary teacher training appealed to the "tact" or "common-sense" of the teacher between 1870 and 1950. These words seem to justify themselves by the professional nature of this kind of books. The professional point of view envolves paying attention to the work in question and an attempt of expression of the work rules that cannot be transmitted, because they are related to the work situation itself. In these circumstances, it's almost certain that the pedagogy and didactic manuals speak about the teacher's "tact" and "necessary common-sense". In this dissertation, I interpret the use of terms like "tact" or "common-sense" of the teacher in the light of the philosophical hemeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer. According to this perspective, to identify words like pedagogical "tact" or "common-sense" in professional literature is to recognize the presence of the hermeneutic knowledge in the domain of the history of education. In other words, the use of terms such as the teacher's "tact" means recognition of the legitimacy and autonomy of the form of knowledge that guides the practice - the hermeneutic knowledge, besides the scientific method. More precisely, using terms such as "tact", "common-sense" or "prudence" of the teacher, the Portuguese pedagogy and didactic manuals published between 1870 and 1950 were eventually declaring that only each teacher was able to understand and do the appropriate to his or her work situation.

Entre Oitocentos e Novecentos, ao mesmo tempo que se instituía uma ciência da educação, a literatura de pedagogia e de didáctica apelava à legitimidade e autonomia da prática profissional docente. Nos manuais portugueses de pedagogia e de didáctica do magistério primário, por exemplo, entre 1870 e 1950 fala-se do "tacto" ou do "bom senso" do professor. Estas palavras parecem justificar-se pela natureza profissional destes livros. O ponto de vista profissional inclui a atenção ao trabalho localizado e a tentativa de expressão das regras que não se consegue transmitir porque estão relacionadas com a própria situação de trabalho. Nestas circunstâncias, quase invariavelmente, os manuais de pedagogia e de didáctica falam no "tacto" ou no "bom senso" necessários ao professor. Nesta dissertação, interpreto o recurso a estes termos à luz da hermenêutica filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer. Segundo esta perspectiva, observar que se falava de "tacto" ou "bom senso" pedagógicos é verificar a presença do conhecimento hermenêutico no domínio da história da profissão docente. Por outras palavras, o uso de termos como "tacto" do professor significou o reconhecimento da legitimidade e autonomia da forma de conhecimento que guia a prática - o conhecimento hermenêutico, para além ou aquém do método científico. Mais precisamente, ao usar termos como "tacto", "bom senso" ou "prudência" do professor, os manuais portugueses de pedagogia e de didáctica publicados entre 1870 e 1950 estariam a afirmar que só cada professor podia compreender e fazer o apropriado à situação de trabalho em que, de cada vez, se encontrava.

Tese de Mestrado em Ciências da Educação (Área de especialização em História da Educação) apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa através da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2005

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Portugal
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Keywords

Teses de mestrado - 2005, Domínio/Área científica::Ciências Sociais::Ciências da Educação, Professores (Ensino primário), Magistério Primário, Manuais de ensino - Portugal - História e crítica, Pedagogia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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