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Instrumentos financeiros de conversão contingente em ações

Authors: Ferreira, Filipa Cristóvão;

Instrumentos financeiros de conversão contingente em ações

Abstract

Na sequência da crise financeira de 2007, foram introduzidas relevantes alterações em matéria de regulação bancária na União Europeia e respetivos Estados-membros. Nesse contexto, verificaram-se significativas alterações no que respeita aos critérios de elegibilidade dos instrumentos financeiros emitidos pelas instituições de créditos aptos a integrar os respetivos fundos próprios, designadamente previstos no Regulamento dos Capitais Próprios (Regulamento (UE) n.º 575/2013, de 26 de junho). Os instrumentos financeiros convertíveis em ações mediante a verificação de eventos, futuros e incertos, relacionados com o nível de rácios de fundos próprios das instituições de crédito, que preencham os restantes requisitos previstos no mencionado diploma, são, especificamente, elegíveis para os fundos próprios das instituições de crédito, como fundos próprios adicionais de nível 1. O presente trabalho versa sobre a caracterização desses instrumentos, atendendo particularmente à característica da convertibilidade mediante a verificação de um evento futuro e incerto, reclamando, para efeitos jurídico-societários, a aplicação do regime jurídico das obrigações convertíveis em ações, mas também às características da perpetuidade, subordinação e capacidade de absorção de perdas incorridas pelas instituições, quer no normal decurso da atividade da instituição quer em situações próximas da insolvência, frisando as características que os aproximam dos instrumentos típicos de capital. Ao longo do trabalho, fazemos uma comparação com figuras próximas destes instrumentos, traçamos a evolução do quadro regulatório a respeito das características dos instrumentos elegíveis para fundos próprios das instituições de crédito, designadamente no âmbito dos Acordos de Basileia e das diretivas comunitárias sobre a matéria, descrevemos e problematizamos as características enunciadas no referido Regulamento (UE) n.º 575/2013 a respeito dos instrumentos de conversão contingente elegíveis para fundos próprios adicionais de nível 1, analisamos o tratamento a que estes instrumentos ficam sujeitos em caso de aplicação de medidas de resolução e recuperação bancária. Por fim, referimo-nos aos instrumentos de conversão contingente emitidos por instituições financeiras portuguesas e subscritos pelo Estado Português e ao atual regime de subscrição desses instrumentos pelo Estado.

Following the financial crisis of 2007, relevant changes have been made in the area of banking regulation in the European Union and its Member States. In this context, there have been significant changes with regard to the eligibility criteria of the financial instruments issued by credit institutions able to integrate their own funds, in particular as provided for in the Capital Requirements Regulation (Regulation (EU) no 575/2013, of 26 June). The contingent convertible capital instruments, convertible upon verification of future and uncertain events, related to the level of capital ratios of credit institutions and which meet the remaining requirements set out in the mentioned regulation, are specifically eligible for Additional tier 1 capital instruments of credit institutions. The present work deals with the characterization of these instruments, taking into account particularly their convertibility feature, defending the application of the legal regime of the convertible bonds when relevant, but also to the characteristics of perpetuity, subordination and losses absorption capacity incurred by institutions, both as going-concern and gone concern circumstances, focusing on the characteristics which make this kind of instruments similar to the typical capital instruments. Throughout this work, we compare the contingent convertible capital instruments with similar instruments, we describe the evolution of the regulatory framework regarding the required characteristics for the instruments to be accepted as capital instruments of credit institutions, in particular within the framework of the Basel Agreements and European Union directives on the subject, we describe and analyse the characteristics set out in said Capital Requirements Regulation regarding the contingent convertible capital instruments eligible for Additional tier 1 capital instruments , we analyze the treatment to which these instruments shall be subject in case of application of bank’s resolution and recovery measures. Finally, we refer to the contingent conversion instruments issued by Portuguese financial institutions and subscribed by the Portuguese State as well as to the concerning regime currently in force.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Teses de mestrado - 2017, Regulamento UE, Direito fiscal, Instituições de crédito, Instrumentos financeiros, Direito

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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