Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Universidade de Lisb...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
addClaim

Imagem corporal e excesso de peso em adolescentes

Authors: Sampaio, Daniel Ataíde Ferreira, 1976;

Imagem corporal e excesso de peso em adolescentes

Abstract

Em Portugal, têm vindo a aumentar a incidência e a prevalência da pré-obesidade e da obesidade, constituindo um importante problema de saúde pública. Esta situação está não só relacionada com padrões de comportamento alimentar caracterizados por elevado consumo de calorias (açúcares e gorduras) e por dietas cada vez menos ricas em cereais completos, hortaliças e frutos, mas também por reduzidos níveis de actividade física. A adolescência é uma etapa do desenvolvimento humano caracterizada por profundas transformações físicas, psicológicas e sociais e marcada pela aceleração de crescimento e, consequentemente, pelo aumento das necessidades de energia e, em geral, de todos os nutrientes. O elevado grau de insatisfação com a imagem corporal que caracteriza a população adolescente obesa e com excesso de peso, associado a um potencial isolamento social, poderá influenciar negativamente e de um modo determinante o seu desenvolvimento. O presente estudo é exploratório e o objectivo foi verificar de que modo a imagem corporal e o padrão alimentar dos adolescentes variam em função dos grupos de pertença (sexo e idade) e índice de massa corporal. Para tal, a nossa amostra foi constituída por 290 adolescentes de ambos os sexos com idades compreendidas entre os 14 anos e os 19 anos, matriculados no ano lectivo 2009/2010, estudantes do 3º ciclo do ensino básico e secundário de Escolas do concelho do Montijo. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário de frequência alimentar, de uma Escala de Estima Corporal e um Inventário de Esquemas de Aparência. Os estudantes foram medidos e pesados e calculado o seu Índice de Massa Corporal, de acordo com as regras internacionais. Na análise dos dados, foram utilizadas as Análises de Componentes Principais para descrever a estrutura factorial das escalas utilizadas e realizaram-se várias análises de variância. Em termos de resultados, a pré-obesidade/obesidade associou-se positivamente com o Álcool, Fast-food, Bebidas saudáveis, Diet, Vulnerabilidade da Imagem Corporal, e com as Crenças e Estereótipos de Aparência Física. E associou-se negativamente com as dimensões Gorduras, Leites, Satisfação com o Corpo e com a Sexualidade. Salientou-se a necessidade de agir directamente sobre o ambiente, eventualmente através de regulamentos que definam as porções e o tipo de alimentos que podem ser consumidos. Os adolescentes com pré-obesidade e obesidade mostraram mais frequentemente insatisfação com a sua imagem corporal e sexualidade, e revelaram maior vulnerabilidade em relação à sua aparência, o que exige programas de prevenção que incluam questões relacionadas com a promoção da saúde, incluindo a satisfação com o corpo, a socialização, o estilo de vida e alimentação.

In Portugal, the incidence and prevalence of both pre-obesity and obesity are increasing, representing a major public health problem. This situation is not only connected to eating behavior patterns, characterized by a high calorie intake (sugars and fat) and by diets that are low in whole cereals, green vegetables and fruit, but also to reduced physical activity levels. Adolescence is a stage of human development characterized by profound physical, psychological and social transformations and marked by an accelerated growth, accompanied consequently by an increase in energy needs and all nutrients in general. The overweight and obese adolescent population is prone to body image dissatisfaction, associated with a potential social isolation, which may in turn negatively and in a determinant way influence their development. The present study is exploratory and its objective was to assess how adolescent’s body image and eating patterns vary with gender and age and with body mass index. To this end, our sample consisted of 290 adolescents of both genders aged between 14 and 19 years-old enrolled in the 2009/2010 academic year, students in the 3rd cycle of primary and secondary schools of Montijo. Data were collected through a food frequency questionnaire, a Body Esteem Scale and an Appearance Schemas Inventory. Students were weighed and measured and their body mass index was calculated according to international rules. In data analysis, we used the Principal Component Analysis to describe the factorial structure of scales and Variance Analysis. Our results indicate that pre-obesity and obesity was: positively associated with Alcohol, Fast-food, Healthy beverages, Diet, Body Image Vulnerability, and the Beliefs and Stereotypes of Physical Appearance, and was negatively associated with dimensions Fats, Milks, Satisfaction with Body and with Sexuality. Therefore, we need to act directly on the environment, possibly through regulations which define the portions and types of foods that can be consumed. Adolescents with pre-obesity and obesity demonstrate more often dissatisfaction with their body image and sexuality, and showed greater vulnerability in relation to their appearance, which calls for prevention programs that contain issues related to health promotion, including satisfaction with body, socialization, lifestyle and food diet.

Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Biologia Humana e Ambiente). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2010

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Teses de mestrado – 2010, Massa corporal, Obesidade, Nutrição, Adolescência

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green