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Evidencia de mejoras de ovino y vacuno durante época andalusí y cristiana en Portugal a partir del análisis zooarqueológico y de ADN antiguo

Zooarchaeological and ancient DNA evidence for Moslem and Christian improvements of sheep and cattle in Portugal
Authors: Davis, Simon; Svensson, Emma; Albarella, Umberto; Detry, Cleia; Götherström, Anders; Pires, Ana Elisabete; Ginja, Catarina;

Evidencia de mejoras de ovino y vacuno durante época andalusí y cristiana en Portugal a partir del análisis zooarqueológico y de ADN antiguo

Abstract

El presente estudio sobre la variación osteométrica de los restos de oveja y vacuno recuperados de yacimientos arqueológicos del sur de Portugal —región que fue controlada por los musulmanes— revela que durante el período andalusí se produjo un incremento en la talla de la oveja, seguido tras la reconquista por un subsiguiente aumento del tamaño del vacuno. El análisis de ADN antiguo de un conjunto de metacarpos de vacuno del siglo XV procedentes de Beja ha confirmado una interpretación osteométrica previa: el aumento de la talla del vacuno no fue consecuencia de un cambio en la proporción de los sexos. Tanto los metacarpos más pequeños (vaca) como los más grandes (toro/buey) aumentaron de tamaño en época post-andalusí. Se ha asumido que estos incrementos en el tamaño de las cabañas ovina y vacuna reflejan su mejora. El aumento de tamaño de la oveja es fácil de entender dada la preferencia de los musulmanes por la carne de ovino. Sin embargo, el posterior aumento de talla del ganado vacuno es más difícil de explicar, pero podría reflejar un cambio en la dieta de base animal consistente en el reemplazo de la carne de ovino por la de vacuno, así como el aprovechamiento de su fuerza de tracción.

This study of osteometric variation of sheep and cattle remains from archaeological sites in southern Portugal — the region that was once ruled by the Moslems — reveals an increase in size of the sheep in Moslem times and a subsequent increase of the cattle following the reconquista. Ancient DNA analysis of a sample of cattle metacarpals from 15th century AD Beja confirms a previous osteometric interpretation that the cattle size increase was not due to a change of the sex-ratio. Both the smaller (cow) metacarpals and the larger (bull/steer) metacarpals increased in size here in post-Moslem times. It is assumed that these size increases of sheep and cattle reflect their improvement. An increase in size of the sheep is easy to understand given the Moslems’ fondness for mutton. The later size increase of the cattle is less easy to understand but could reflect a dietary change of emphasis from mutton to beef as well as the need for bovine power.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Osteometría, Sheep, Portugal, Ancient DNA, Osteometry, Metacarpals, Península Ibérica, Islam, Christianity, ADN antiguo, Ratio sexual, Cristianismo, Oveja, Cattle, Vacuno, Iberia, Metacarpos, Sex ratio

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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