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Apneia obstrutiva do sono no adulto: implicações em Medicina Dentária

Authors: Gama, Catarina Marques;

Apneia obstrutiva do sono no adulto: implicações em Medicina Dentária

Abstract

A Síndrome da apneia e hipopneia obstrutiva do sono (SAHOS) é uma doença respiratória do sono com elevado impacto médico dada a sua elevada prevalência e complexidade. A associação confirmada com morbilidade e mortalidade cardiovascular, fragmentação do sono e consequente sonolência diurna faz desta condição um importante tema de saúde pública. Esta doença é, frequentemente, subdiagnosticada e apresenta um conjunto de consequências clínicas que afetam a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. O objetivo principal desta revisão bibliográfica foi promover uma maior sensibilização por parte dos médicos dentistas para a problemática da apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) e demonstrar a importância da integração dos mesmos na abordagem multidisciplinar da mesma. Procurou-se também destacar a crescente utilização de dispositivos orais no tratamento da AOS leve a moderada face ao aparelho convencional de Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), reportando as respetivas vantagens e desvantagens de cada alternativa. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos científicos recorrendo à base de dados da MEDLINE. A seleção dos artigos a analisar foi realizada de acordo com a adequação aos objetivos propostos, tendo sido apenas considerados artigos em inglês e em revistas científicas peer-review. Conclui-se com este trabalho que o médico dentista pode ser um elemento de extrema importância na abordagem da AOS, tendo um papel ativo no diagnóstico, aconselhamento e tratamento destes pacientes. Além disso, os dispositivos orais apresentam-se como um tratamento simples e não invasivo, alternativo ao sistema Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) na AOS ligeira a moderada.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hipopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep breathing disorder with an increasing medical impact given its high prevalence and complexity. The confirmed association with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, sleep fragmentation and consequent daytime sleepiness is a condition of high public health importance.This disorder is often misdiagnosed and presents a multifactor set of clinical consequences that affect the patients quality of life. The main goal of the bibliographic research paper described herein was to promote awareness amongst the dentists community for the obstructive sleep apnea concerns and demonstrate the importance of their integration into a multidisciplinary approach of the disorder. We also sought to highlight the growing use of oral appliances in the treatment of mild to moderate OSA as an alternative to the conventional device for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP). A survey for scientific articles was carried out, using the MEDLINE database. The selection of the articles used for this analysis was conducted according to their relevance towards the objectives, considering only articles written in English and from relevant pierreviewed journals. To sum up, this work enabled us to conclude that the dentist has a crucial role in diagnosing, counseling and treating a disorder such as OSA. In addition, oral appliances are presented as a simple non-invasive alternative treatment compared to the CPAP system. These are essentially recommended in patients with mild to moderate disorder or lack of response, intolerance or non-adherence to CPAP treatment.

Tese de mestrado, Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2011

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Medicina Clínica, Saúde oral, Teses de mestrado - 2011

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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