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Biotransformação de monoterpenos por raízes transgénicas de Anethum graveolens

Authors: Geraldes, Diogo Manuel Amaral, 1987-;

Biotransformação de monoterpenos por raízes transgénicas de Anethum graveolens

Abstract

O estudo da capacidade de biotransformação de raízes transgénicas de Anethum graveolens, foi efectuado através da avaliação da influência da adição de (+)-canfeno, β-mirceno, R-(-)-carvona ou S-(+)-carvona na morfologia, crescimento e produção de volateis. As culturas foram mantidas durante 7 semanas em meio SH, a 24oC e a 80 r.p.m. em escuridão permanente. A adição de substrato realizou-se 15 dias apos a inoculação. A análise morfológica das raízes transgénicas efectuou-se por microscopia electrónica de varrimento (MEV) e análise à lupa. O crescimento foi avaliado através do método da desassimilação e determinação do peso fresco e peso seco. Os óleos essenciais foram extraídos por destilação-extracção e analisados por CG e CG/EM. Nas observações por MEV não se verificou influência na morfologia da raíz devido a adição de substrato. No entanto, a análise morfológica realizada à lupa revelou uma fenolização precoce nas culturas com adição de R-(-)-carvona e S-(+)-carvona. O crescimento das raízes transgénicas com adição de substrato foi superior às culturas controlo. A componente volátil constitutiva das raízes transgénicas de A. graveolens foi dominada pelo falcarinol, apiole, miristicina, acido palmítico, acido linoleico e n-octanal. Apos adição de (+)-canfeno e β-mirceno não foram identificados novos componentes voláteis, apesar da diminuição da percentagem dos substratos ao longo do tempo de ensaio. Depois da adição de R-(-)-carvona e S-(+)-carvona foram identificados nove produtos resultantes da biotransformação dos substratos, contudo a percentagem relativa destes variou com o enantiomero adicionado. Nas culturas com adição de R-(-)-carvona o composto maioritario resultante da biotransformação foi o acetato de dihidrocarveol (19%), enquanto o acetato de cis-carveol foi o composto dominante (10%) nas culturas com adição de S-(+)-carvona. Após a adição da enzima β-glicosidade as águas de decocção, a análise dos voláteis extraídos mostrou que parte dos substratos R-(-)-carvona e S-(+)-carvona e dos seus produtos de biotransformação foram glicosilados.

The biotransformation capacity of Anethum graveolens hairy roots cultures was studied by evaluating the influence of the addition of (+)-camphene, β-myrcene, S-(+)-carvone or R-(-)-carvone in the morphology, growth and volatiles production. Hairy root cultures were maintained for 7 weeks in SH medium, at 24oC and 80r.p.m. in darkness. Substrates were added 15 days after inoculation. Root morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and under the magnifying microscope. Growth measurement was done by dissimilation method and by determination of fresh weight and dry weight. Volatiles were extracted by distillationextraction and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. SEM observations showed that the root morphology was not influenced by the substrate addition. However, magnifying microscope analysis showed an earlier fenolization in R-(-)-carvone and S-(+)-carvone added cultures. Hairy roots growth was higher in some substrate added cultures than in control cultures. Falcarinol, apiole, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, myristicin and n-octanal were the main components of the constitutive volatile oils. No new volatiles were detected after addition β-myrcene and (+)-camphene, despite the decrease in substrate concentration over time. Nine biotransformation products were detected after S-(+)-carvone or R-(-)-carvone addition. However, the relative amount of the new volatiles differed with the monoterpene enantiomer added. Dihydrocarveol acetate was the main biotransformation product (19%) in the R-(-)-carvone added cultures, whereas cis-carvyl acetate was dominant (10%) in S-(+)-carvone added cultures. After the addition of β-glycosidase to the decoction waters, the analysis of the extracted volatiles showed that part of the substrates R-(-)-carvone and S-(+)-carvone and their biotransformation products was also glycosylated.

Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Biologia Celular e Biotecnologia). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2010

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Óleos essenciais, Biologia celular, Plantas medicinais, Raízes transgénicas, Teses de mestrado - 2010, Monoterpenos, Biotecnologia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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