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Modelação molecular/bioinformática estrutural da hemaglutinina do vírus influenza

Authors: Antunes, Jorge Miguel Penela de Deus;

Modelação molecular/bioinformática estrutural da hemaglutinina do vírus influenza

Abstract

O vírus influenza é responsável por vários surtos de gripe a nível mundial, como o recente surto causado pelo H1N1. A infeção começa com a ligação da proteína Hemaglutinina (HA) do envelope viral ao ácido siálico presente na membrana das células epiteliais do trato respiratório. O vírus é então internalizado por endocitose. No endossoma a diminuição de pH provoca alterações conformacionais da HA, levando por último à fusão das membranas. Neste trabalho reportamos um estudo de simulação molecular tanto da proteína HA, como também de dois péptidos específicos. O péptido de fusão (PF), que apresenta propriedades fusógenicas in vitro, sendo considerado o principal responsável pela fusão das membranas. E o péptido transmembranar (PT), responsável pela ligação da hemaglutinina ao envelope viral, que não possui estrutura conhecida, tanto a pH neutro como a pH de fusão. Nos estudos dos péptidos foram utilizados dois campos de força e níveis de detalhe distintos. Um campo de forças coarse-grain (MARTINI), mais rápido mas com menos detalhe, foi utilizado para simular a assemblagem do sistema e um campo de forças united-atom (GROMOS 54A7) para simular os resultados obtidos com um detalhe superior. Nos estudos da HA foi utilizado apenas o campo de forças coarse-grain, com a modificação para incluir redes elásticas (ELNEDIN). Com este estudo apresentamos estruturas, e algumas variações, para ambos os péptidos numa bicamada composta por 128 moléculas de dimiristoilfosfatidilcolina (DMPC). No caso do PT foi a primeira estrutura obtida com o C-terminal completo (46 resíduos) e também do subtipo H3. Foram ainda calculados os ângulos de inclinação e a posição, de cada resíduo, na membrana para ambos os péptidos estudados. No caso da HA o resultado principal foi o esclarecimento dos locais de contacto preferenciais entre esta e os lípidos (DMPC). Observou-se que, para além do domínio transmembranar, também existem resíduos à volta do local de ligação ao ácido siálico com afinidade para o DMPC.

The influenza virus (IV) is responsible for worldwide flu outbreaks like the recent one due to H1N1. Infection starts with the binding of the membrane-bound virus Hemagglutinin (HA) to sialic acid at the surface of membranes from epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. The virus is then internalized into an endosome, where the low pH triggers conformational changes in HA, ultimately leading to membrane fusion. Here we report a molecular simulation study, not only of the HA, but also of two specific peptides. The fusion peptide (FP), which has fusogenic properties in vitro, and is considered to have a main role in the membrane fusion process. And the transmembrane peptide (TP), responsible for the connection between HA and the viral envelope, which has no known structure. We used a multi-scale approach in the studies with the peptides, by using two different force-fields with different levels of detail; a coarse-grain force field (MARTINI), which is faster but with less detail, to study the self assembling of the system, and an united-atom force-field (GROMOS 54A7), to study with more detail the results obtained using the MARTINI force-field. In the whole HA studies, we used the coarse-grain force-field only, but with the modification to include elastic networks (ELNEDIN). With this work we found some preferential structures and some variations, for both fusion and transmembrane peptides, in a bilayer composed by 128 molecules of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC). It is the first structure of the TP obtained with the complete C-terminus (46 residues) and also for the subtype H3. The tilt angles and the membrane position, of each residue, of both peptides studied were also calculated. In the case of the HA, the main result was to find that main sites of contact between this protein with lipids (DMPC). We found that apart from the transmembrane domain, the residues around the sialic acid binding site have also affinity to the DMPC lipids.

Tese de mestrado em Bioquímica, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2016

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Teses de mestrado - 2016, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Naturais::Ciências Químicas, MARTINI, Vírus Influenza, Hemaglutinina, Dinâmica molecular

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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