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Responsabilidade civil por dano moral coletivo

Authors: Lacerda, José Gutemberg Gomes;

Responsabilidade civil por dano moral coletivo

Abstract

Este estudo objetiva desvendar o controverso dano moral coletivo e seu regime jurídico. Parte da revisitação das premissas teóricas da responsabilidade civil, especialmente da teoria do dano. Demonstra que a responsabilidade civil contemporânea, ao utilizar-se de cláusula geral para definição dos danos reparáveis, está pronta para um sistema jurídico onde os princípios possuem força normativa e aptidão para produzir efeitos diretamente perante particulares, sem intermediação de regra legal. A hipótese propositalmente vaga da cláusula geral da responsabilidade civil é preenchida pelo princípio prevalente nas rotineiras colisões entre eles. Para compreensão possui importância o fenômeno jurídico conhecido como “constitucionalização do Direito Civil”. O dano injusto ou ilegítimo, consistente em lesão a um direito prevalente no caso concreto, é o conceito compatível com o sistema jurídico vigente, objetivo, controlável e capaz de evitar a multiplicação de demandas temerárias. Rejeita-se a confusão dos danos com seus efeitos, como a dor, a vergonha, a tristeza, etc. O dano moral, individual ou coletivo, parte deste pressuposto teórico. O dano moral é lesão a direito extrapatrimonial. A titularidade difusa ou coletiva de direitos extrapatrimoniais é importante passo para identificação do dano moral coletivo, mas deve considerar também que muitos desses direitos são implícitos a direitos fundamentais prestacionais, (v. g. direitos fundamentais sociais), cuja dimensão negativa admite lesão e repercute na responsabilidade civil. Os direitos fundamentais, em todas as suas gerações, constituem o substrato dos direitos extrapatrimoniais e, em consequência, do dano moral, individual ou coletivo. Na análise do regime jurídico, afasta-se a tentativa de atribuir função punitiva à responsabilidade civil, mas sem desconsiderar a necessidade de fixar a reparação em valor razoável de acordo com o critério da extensão do dano (art. 944, caput, CC). Os eventuais lucros obtidos com o ato ilícito devem ser repelidos pelo novel instituto do enriquecimento sem causa por intervenção.

This study aims to unvail the controversial of the collective moral damages and their legal status. Part of revisiting the theoretical assumptions of civil responsibility, especially the theory of harm. It is shown that contemporary civil responsibility, to be used in the general clause to the definition of repairable damages, was formatted for a legal system where the principles have normative force and ability to produce effects directly against individuals, without the intermediation of a legal rule. The hypothesis purposely vague of the general clause of responsibility is completed by the prevalent principle in routine collisions between them. Has importance for understanding the legal phenomenon known as "constitutionalization of civil law". The consistent in injury to a prevalent law in this case, unjust or unlawful damage is compatible with the concept controllable and able to avoid the proliferation of reckless demands existing in the legal system goal. Reject the confusion of damage with their effects, such as pain , shame , sadness , etc. The moral damages, individual or collective, of this theoretical conjecture. The material damage is injury to off-balance right. The diffuse collective off-balance rights or ownership is an important step for identifying the collective moral damages, but must also consider that many of these rights are implied by prestacionals fundamental rights (eg fundamental social rights), whose negative dimension admits injury and affects the responsability. Fundamental rights, in all its generations, are the bedrock of off-balance rights and therefore moral, individual or collective damage. The legal system analysis, moves away the attempt to assign punitive function of civil responsibility, but without disregarding the need to fix the repairs in a reasonable value according to the criterion of the extention of the damage (art. 944, caput, CC). Any profits from the unlawful act must be repelled by the novel institution of unjust enrichment intervention.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Direito civil, Teses de mestrado - 2015, Responsabilidade civil, Dano moral, Direitos fundamentais, Direito

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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