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Gestão de cuidados de enfermagem : das práticas dos enfermeiros chefes à qualidade de cuidados de enfermagem

Authors: Potra, Teresa Maria Ferreira dos Santos, 1957-;

Gestão de cuidados de enfermagem : das práticas dos enfermeiros chefes à qualidade de cuidados de enfermagem

Abstract

As mudanças que se têm verificado na gestão das organizações de saúde impõem que os papéis desempenhados pelas chefias de enfermagem sejam clarificados de modo a compreender a sua contribuição para a gestão dos seus recursos, dos processos de cuidados e para a qualidade dos cuidados que se prestam. A presente investigação centra-se nas práticas de gestão de cuidados dos enfermeiros chefes e pretende compreender quais as práticas destes profissionais neste âmbito e de que forma estas contribuem para a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem. A investigação, de caráter qualitativo, decorreu em três fases. A primeira teve como objetivo identificar as imagens dos enfermeiros de cuidados gerais associadas ao papel dos enfermeiros chefes como gestores de cuidados. Recorreu-se à metodologia das representações sociais como suporte teórico e de análise de dados. Utilizou-se um instrumento de recolha que permitiu a aplicação da técnica de associação livre de palavras a enfermeiros de cuidado gerais. A segunda fase teve como objetivo identificar as dimensões auto percecionadas pelos enfermeiros chefes do seu papel como gestores de cuidados. Foram entrevistados todos os enfermeiros chefes de serviços de internamento de um Hospital da região de Lisboa. Na terceira fase da investigação realizou-se um estudo de caso, num serviço de internamento do mesmo Hospital onde se pretendeu analisar a contribuição das práticas de gestão de cuidados dos enfermeiros chefes para a qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem. Recorreu-se à observação participante, análise documental e entrevistas informais e semiestruturadas como técnicas de recolha de dados. Da análise dos dados obtidos nas três fases constatou-se ser a gestão de cuidados um processo complexo e multidimensional. O sentido atribuído aos cuidados de enfermagem e os “saberes recursos” dos enfermeiros chefes surgiram como orientadores das práticas de gestão de cuidados. O ser líder e “ser presença” foram identificados como atributos fundamentais para a operacionalização deste processo. Os dados apontam que as intervenções no âmbito da gestão de cuidados contribuem para a qualidade do ambiente de cuidados, das práticas dos enfermeiros e do processo de cuidados.

The changes that have occurred in health management organizations require that the roles played by nurse’s managers should be clarified in order to understand their contribution to the management of organizational resources, the care processes and the quality of nursing care. This research focuses on the head nurses care management practices and aims to understand the nature of such practices, as well as how these may contribute to the quality of nursing care. This qualitative research took place in three phases. The first aimed at identifying the images of general care nurses associated with the role of head nurses as care managers. We have resorted to the methodology of social representations as a theoretical support and for the data analysis. We used a collection instrument that allowed the application of the technique of free word association as applied to general care nurses. The second phase aimed at identifying the self-perceived dimensions by head nurses as far as their role as care managers is concerned. We interviewed all head nurses in inpatient services in a hospital in the Lisbon region. In the third phase of the investigation, we proceeded to a case study in an inpatient service, in the same hospital, where we aimed at assessing the contribution of care management practices on the part of head nurses as they relate to the quality of nursing care. We used participant observation, document analysis, and informal and semi-structured interviews as data collection techniques. Based on the triangulation of data from these three phases, we found that the management of nursing care is a complex and multidimensional process. The meaning attributed to the nursing care and the “knowledge resources” of head nurses have emerged as guiding the care management practices. Being a leader and being a presence were identified as key attributes for operationalize this process. The data indicate that care management interventions contribute to the quality of the care environment, the practices of nurses and of the care process.

Tese de doutoramento, Enfermagem, Universidade de Lisboa, com a colaboração da Escola Superior de Enfermagem de Lisboa, 2015

Related Organizations
Keywords

Gestão, Teses de doutoramento - 2015, Qualidade, Enfermeiros, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green