
handle: 10451/19944
Our overall objective was to find mechanisms of B cell survival during antigen response. In the first part of this work, we revealed that immunoglobulin heavy chain expression is sufficient for B cell survival in the absence of light chain. We showed that the heavy chain alone can reach the cell surface as a part of an incomplete signal competent B cell receptor. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the heavy chain alone can produce survival signals constitutively and independently of specific antigen recognition. We also showed an alternative hypothesis for B cell survival through the activation of an unfolded protein response, which is caused by heavy chain accumulation in the endoplasmatic reticulum in the absence of light chain. In the second part of this work we looked for B cell survival mechanisms during activation and terminal differentiation. Specifically, how B cells survive DNA double strand breaks caused by class switch and somatic hypermutation of the immunoglobulin gene. Our results showed a novel role for the activation induced cytidine deaminase (AID), an enzyme responsible for class switch and introduction of somatic mutations in the immunoglobulin genes (Muramatsu et al., 2000). We showed that AID is involved in DNA repair by recruiting the catalytic subunit of the DNA protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) (Wu et al., 2005). These results suggest that AID coordinates double strand break repair and contributes to B cell survival during terminal differentiation.
O objetivo desta dissertação foi descobrir mecanismos de sobrevivência das células B durante o processo de resposta a antigénios. Este trabalho revelou que expressão da cadeia pesada da imunoglobulina é suficiente para assegurar a sobrevivência de linfócitos B na ausência de cadeias leves. Estes resultados sugerem que a cadeia pesada origina sinais de sobrevivência de forma constitutiva e independente de ligação a ligandos específicos para o receptor composto de cadeias de imunoglobulina pesadas e leves. Na segunda parte de tese, procurámos determinar mecanismos de sobrevivência de células B sujeitas a quebras do ADN durante os processos de mudança de isótipo e a hipermutação somática da imunoglobulina. Os nossos resultados revelaram que a enzima “activation induced cytidine deaminase” (AID), que inicia os processos de mudança de isótipo e de introdução de mutações somáticas nos genes codificadores das cadeias de anticorpos, (Muramatsu et al., 2000), é também responsável pela reparação do ADN, permitindo assim às células B evitar a apoptose induzida por danos persistentes no ADN. Observámos, (Wu et al., 2005), que a AID recruta a subunidade catalítica da ADN proteína quinase (DNA-PKcs) sugerindo que a AID coordena a reparação de quebras no ADN, contribuindo desta forma para a sobrevivência das células B.
Tese de doutoramento, Ciências Biomédicas (Ciências Biopatológicas), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina, 2015
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), SFR/BD/6500/2001
Imunoglobulinas, Linfócitos B, Cadeias pesadas de imunoglobulinas, Teses de doutoramento - 2015, Citidina desaminase, Imunidade adaptativa
Imunoglobulinas, Linfócitos B, Cadeias pesadas de imunoglobulinas, Teses de doutoramento - 2015, Citidina desaminase, Imunidade adaptativa
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