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Validação da quantificação de catinonas por qRMN 1H em drogas com efeitos psicoativos

Authors: Lopes, Rudi Leonel Terreiros da Fonseca;

Validação da quantificação de catinonas por qRMN 1H em drogas com efeitos psicoativos

Abstract

Catinona, o principal princípio ativo da planta Catha edulis, tem sido usado como um modelo para o desenvolvimento de vários derivados sintéticos que rapidamente chegaram ao mercado das “drogas legais”. Estas drogas sintéticas são intencionalmente comercializadas como alternativa às drogas ilegais, com o objetivo de contornar a legislação. A rapidez com que estas drogas sintéticas aparecem no mercado e surgem em diversas formulações e cocktails, constitui um grande risco para a saúde dos consumidores. Por essa razão, é extremamente importante conhecer a composição destes produtos tanto em termos qualitativos como em termos quantitativos. Estas catinonas são normalmente vendidas na europa como “fertilizantes” para dissimular o seu tipo de consumo. Este trabalho consistiu na validação detalhada da quantificação da flefedrona, metedrona e 4-metil-N-etilcatinona em drogas sintéticas por qRMN 1H, usando como padrão interno o ácido maleico. Os procedimentos de medição foram posteriormente aplicados à caracterização de diversos “fertilizantes” comprados em smartshops portuguesas antes da proibição da sua venda em Portugal (Decreto-Lei nº54/2013). A validação das quantificações por qRMN de 1H envolveram um estudo do desempenho de todas as etapas analíticas individualmente e da determinação do valor de referência da calibração, cujas incertezas foram posteriormente combinadas usando o método numérico de Kragten. Os pressupostos do método de Kragten, nomeadamente de linearidade da equação modelo em função da incerteza das quantidades de entrada, foram comprovados como válidos. A toma de amostras por pesagem consistem na componente de incerteza maioritária devido à quantidade pesada e tipo de balança disponível. O procedimento de medição desenvolvido assegura a produção de resultados com uma incerteza expandida relativa nunca superior a 5,6%, o que permite distinguir diferenças de 10% na composição de catinonas em diversos produtos.

Cathinone, the main active principle of the plant Catha edulis, has been used as a prototype for the development of several synthetic derivatives that quickly came to market of legal drugs. These designer drugs are intentionally marketed as alternatives to illegal ones, aiming to circumvent drug legislation. The astonishing rate, at which new designer drugs appear, makes their impact on user’s health unpredictable. Therefore it is extremely important to know the composition of these products. For this reason, it is extremely important to know the composition of these products both qualitatively and quantitatively. These cathinones are usually sold in Europe as "plant feeders" to conceal their type of consumption. This work consisted of detailed validation of the quantification of flephedrone, methedrone and 4-MEC synthetic drugs qRMN 1H, using as internal standard maleic acid. The measurement procedures were then applied to the characterization of several "fertilizer" in Portuguese smartshops bought before the ban on its sale in Portugal (Decreto-Lei nº54/2013) Validation of measurements by 1H qNMR involved a study of the performance of all analytical steps individually and determining the benchmark calibration, whose uncertainties were then combined using the numerical method of Kragten. The assumptions made in the Kragten, including linearity of the model equation due to the uncertainty of the input quantities were confirmed as valid. The weight of the samples by weighing consist of the majority component uncertainty due to the heavy amount and type of scale available. The measuring procedure developed ensures the production of an expanded uncertainty results on never exceeding 5.6%, which allows to distinguish differences in the composition of 10% cathinones in various products.

Tese de mestrado em Química, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2014

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Química, Teses de doutoramento

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green