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Rotura de barragens de aterro por galgamento: ensaios experimentais com aterros homogéneos

Authors: Jónatas, Ricardo Jorge Lourenço;

Rotura de barragens de aterro por galgamento: ensaios experimentais com aterros homogéneos

Abstract

A presente dissertação de mestrado, realizada em regime de cooperação entre a Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, o Instituto Superior Técnico e o Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC), apresenta o trabalho experimental para estudo da rotura por galgamento de barragens de aterro homogéneas, realizado no canal de rotura de aterros existente nas instalações do Departamento de Hidráulica e Ambiente do LNEC. Os dados dos ensaios realizados e as respetivas análises efetuadas permitiram estimar o caudal efluente da brecha de rotura, de forma direta (velocidade da superfície livre e área instantânea da brecha) e indireta (curva de vazão do descarregador e balanço de massa da albufeira), assim como verificar a evolução morfológica da brecha ao longo dos ensaios de rotura, efetuados em barragens de aterro com graus de compactação e forma inicial da brecha distintos. O grau de compactação dos aterros mostrou ter uma influência predominante no tempo de rotura, volume de água descarregado da albufeira entre o início e o pico do hidrograma efluente, bem como na própria magnitude do pico de caudal efluente. A variação da energia de compactação, efetuada durante a construção das barragens de aterro, também mostrou ter influência na magnitude dos desabamentos ocorridos durante o processo de rotura, sendo que se pôde constatar a interdependência entre a dimensão dos desabamentos de material da barragem e a magnitude do pico de caudal efluente. Por outro lado, a geometria inicial da brecha, mostrou não ter qualquer influência na sua forma final.

This master’s degree dissertation, conducted in cooperation between the Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico and Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil, has worked on the data analysis obtained from the homogeneous embankments dams failure by overtopping, the tests were carried on bursting landfill channel facilities of the Departamento de Hidráulica e Ambiente in LNEC. The data and the analyzes of the effluent flow, were performed directly (velocity of the free surface area and instantaneous gap area) and indirectly (spillway flow curve and reservoir mass balance), as well as the morphological evolution of the gap over the rupture tests, carried out in two embankment dams with distinct compaction degrees and different gap shapes. The embankment compaction degree has shown to have a predominant influence on the breaking time, reservoir volume discharged between the effluent hydrograph start and peak, as well as the magnitude sheer of the effluent peak flow. The different compaction degree, made during the embankment dams construction, also showed influence on the landslides magnitude occurred during the break, and we could see the interdependence between the landslide dimension material and the effluent peak flow rate magnitude. The tests also showed that the initial gap geometry doesn’t have influence on the gap final form.

Tese de mestrado integrado em Engenharia da Energia e do Ambiente, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2013

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Rotura, Barragem de aterro, Teses de mestrado - 2013, Hidrograma efluente, Brecha, Caudal efluente

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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