Underlining the pivotal role of integrating information technology and diagnostics in cultural heritage conservation, particularly in the context of digital restoration. Emphasizing the broader scope of virtual restoration within the Science of Conservation, the study highlights the importance of diagnostic tools, such as image-based diagnostics and non-destructive monitoring techniques like thermography. The article also explores the significance of advanced techniques like UV and IR reflectography for pigment identification in polychrome works. Additionally, it addresses the crucial role of diagnostics and chemical analyses in understanding ancient materials and supports, ultimately shaping methodological choices for both virtual and tangible conservation measures.