The article is dedicated to the territory of Lombardy, with the map of collective subjects which populated it from the Visconti era to the Spanish. The perspective taken in this reconnaissance is that of identity, or rather of the conscious self-representation that the territorial actors adopted in their relations with others. Although identity is, by definition, an individual dimension, owing to the impossibility of considering the institutional subjects individually, they will be treated by category, with the aim of focusing on how the various collective personalities arose, their characteristic traits, their impact,and duration.