Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ ReCiL - Repositório ...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
versions View all 2 versions
addClaim

Novas terapias antirretrovirais: para quando uma vacina anti HIV?

Authors: Baptista, Cláudia Filipa Moreno;

Novas terapias antirretrovirais: para quando uma vacina anti HIV?

Abstract

O sucesso da terapia anti-retroviral (ART) na manutenção da infeção pelo HIV tem sido um dos melhores neste último século. A ART levou à transformação do HIV, de uma sentença universal de morte para uma doença crónica. Em todas as partes do mundo, assistimos a uma redução dramática na morbilidade e mortalidade relacionadas com o HIV, e o tratamento está agora disponível para cerca de 21 milhões de indivíduos – mais de metade do número de pessoas que vivem com este vírus. No entanto, apesar desses grandes avanços, mais de um milhão de pessoas morrem a cada ano de doenças relacionadas com o HIV, e há registo de cerca 1,8 milhão de novas infeções. Contudo, permanecem por resolver dois grandes desafios científicos para realmente ver o fim do HIV – encontrar uma cura e uma vacina eficaz. Investigações realizadas na última década resultaram numa melhor compreensão de como e onde o HIV persiste em pacientes a realizar ART. Ficou claro que, o estabelecimento de uma infeção latente em células de vida longa é a principal barreira para curar o HIV ou para permitir uma remissão sustentada livre de ART. Baseadas por estudos in vitro e ex vivo, várias abordagens terapêuticas destinadas a esgotar o pool de células infetadas de forma latente, foram testadas em ensaios clínicos experimentais de pequena escala, incluindo estudos de intensificação de ART, na edição de genoma, na ART durante a infeção precoce e aguda, e na reversão de latência. Mais recentemente, tem havido um maior foco em terapias imuno-baseadas na busca progressiva de uma cura para o HIV, incluindo vacinas terapêuticas, agonistas do recetor toll-like, anticorpos amplamente neutralizantes, inibidores do checkpoint imunológico, interferon-α e terapia com interleucinas. Também estão a decorrer estudos em que as intervenções de imunoterapia são igualmente testadas em combinação com a reversão de latência. Nesta dissertação, são apresentados e discutidos os resultados globais destas intervenções clínicas, que em última análise se direcionam para uma cura ou vacina para o HIV.

The success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the management of HIV infection has been one of the best in medicine in the last century. ART led to the transformation of HIV from a universal death sentence to a chronic manageable disease. In every part of the world, we have seen a dramatic reduction in HIV-related morbidity and mortality, and treatment is now available to 21 million people – over half the number of people living with this virus. However, despite these great advances over one million people die of HIV-related illnesses each year and there are 1.8 million new infections. Two profound scientific challenges remain that must be solved to truly see an end to HIV – finding a cure and an effective vaccine. Research over the past decade has resulted in a much-improved understanding of how and where HIV persists in patients on otherwise ART. It has become clear that the establishment of a latent infection in long-lived cells is the key barrier to curing HIV or allowing for sustained ART-free remission. Informed by in vitro and ex vivo studies, several therapeutic approaches aimed at depleting the pool of latently infected cells have been tested in small-scale experimental clinical trials including studies of ART intensification, genome editing, ART during acute/early infection and latency reversal. More recently, there has been an enhanced focus on immune-based therapies in the onwards search for an HIV cure including therapeutic vaccines, toll-like receptor agonists, broadly neutralizing antibodies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, interferon-α and interleukin therapy. In ongoing studies immunotherapy interventions are also tested in combination with latency reversal. In this dissertation, the overall results of these clinical interventions ultimately aimed at a cure or vaccine for HIV are presented and discussed.

Orientação: Nuno Almeida Saraiva

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

AIDS, SIDA, HIV, VACCINATION, VACINAÇÃO, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, TERAPÊUTICA ANTIRRETROVIRAL, PROPHYLAXIS, PROFILAXIA, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPEUTICS

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green