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Fisiologia da dor

Authors: Janeiro, Inês Margarida Inácio;

Fisiologia da dor

Abstract

A dor, é considerada uma experiência subjetiva, sensorial e emocional, desagradável, que deve ser descrita e avaliada como o quinto sinal vital. Envolve inúmeros processos fisiológicos, cognitivos e emocionais, que geram sofrimento e, interferem na qualidade de vida do indivíduo. A sua principal função no organismo é funcionar como um sinal de alerta, ativando respostas protetoras, de forma a minimizar possíveis danos nos tecidos. É um sintoma que acompanha a generalidade das situações patológicas que requerem cuidados de saúde e, por este motivo, o controlo da dor é encarado como um problema de saúde pública. Nesta dissertação, foi feita uma caracterização dos diferentes tipos de dor e dos vários métodos de avaliação indispensáveis à sua classificação. Foi também feita uma descrição dos mecanismos envolvidos no processo de transmissão da mesma, e uma abordagem das diferentes terapêuticas utilizadas para o seu tratamento. O farmacêutico, enquanto profissional de saúde, desempenha um papel fundamental no controlo da dor, através do diálogo com o utente, e na implementação de ações e explicação de abordagens não farmacológicas. No âmbito hospitalar, destaca-se a importância de várias atividades de total competência do farmacêutico, desde a manipulação do medicamento, avaliação da prescrição médica, armazenamento, dispensa, controle de qualidade, seleção de medicamentos e farmacovigilâcia. Torna-se essencial que a dor seja encarada como uma prioridade no âmbito da prestação de cuidados de saúde, e que os efeitos da sua terapêutica sejam valorizados, avaliados e registados pelos profissionais desta área.

Pain is considered a subjective, uncomfortable sensorial and emotional experience, that must be evaluated and described as the fifth vital sign. It involves a series of physiological, cognitive and emotional processes that generate suffering and interfere in the individual's quality of life. The main function of pain in the body is to act as a warning signal, activating protective responses, in order to minimize possible tissue damage. It is a symptom that accompanies the majority of the pathological situations that require health care and, for this reason, the control of pain is seen as a public health problem. In this dissertation a characterization of the different types of pain and of the several evaluation methods indispensable to its classification was made. It was also made a description of the mechanisms involved in the transmission process and an approach to the different therapies for its treatment. The pharmacist, as a health professional, plays a fundamental role in the control of pain, through dialogue with the patient, implementation of actions and explanation of nonpharmacological techniques. In the hospital, stand out the importance of several activities which are full competence of the pharmacist, especially: manipulation of the medication, evaluation of the medical prescription, storage, dispensation, quality control, selection of medicines and pharmacovigilance. Thus, it is essential that pain is seen as a priority in the provision of health care and that the effects of its therapy are valued, evaluated and registered by professionals in this area.

Orientação: Luís Monteiro Rodrigues

Related Organizations
Keywords

TERAPÊUTICAS, PAIN MANAGEMENT, CUIDADOS FARMACÊUTICOS, THERAPEUTICS, PAIN EVALUATION, GESTÃO DA DOR, PAIN, DOR, MESTRADO INTEGRADO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS, PHARMACEUTICAL CARE, AVALIAÇÃO DA DOR, PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green