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Demografischer Wandel und Tarifpolitik

Authors: Lesch, Hagen; Mayer, Alexander; Schmid, Lisa;

Demografischer Wandel und Tarifpolitik

Abstract

As a result of demographic change Germany's potential workforce is expected to decline quite rapidly until the year 2050, while the average age of employees will increase. The consequence is a great need for new collective bargaining initiatives to negotiate not only wage-levels but also qualitative employment conditions. In future wages will need to be considerably more responsive to labour market bottlenecks than they appear to have been to date. Yet since the demographic transition presents a different challenge not only to individual sectors but even to single companies, the role of the two sides of industry can only involve establishing framework conditions to be implemented by management and works councils as the situation requires. Their guiding principle must be to avoid negotiating wages down to the last cent so that there remains enough room for negotiation at the establishment level. Qualitative collective bargaining needs to contribute to making gainful employment more attractive to women and older employees in particular. The aim should be to absorb the impact of a shrinking workforce by keeping workers in the labour market longer. An analysis of collective agreements dealing with issues around demographic change shows that in many sectors the right course has already been set.

Durch den demografischen Wandel geht das Erwerbspersonenpotenzial in Deutschland bis zum Jahr 2050 deutlich zurück. Gleichzeitig steigt das Durchschnittsalter der Beschäftigten. Für die Tarifpolitik folgt daraus ein großer Handlungsbedarf, der sich nicht allein auf die Lohnbildung beschränkt, sondern auch die qualitative Tarifpolitik erfasst. Die Löhne müssen künftig stärker als bisher beobachtbar auf Arbeitsmarktengpässe reagieren. Da der demografische Wandel nicht nur einzelne Branchen, sondern auch einzelne Betriebe unterschiedlich herausfordert, können die Tarifparteien aber immer nur Rahmenbedingungen setzen, die von den Betriebsparteien bei Bedarf umgesetzt werden. Grundsätzlich gilt: Der lohnpolitische Verteilungsspielraum darf auf der Tarifebene nicht vollständig ausgeschöpft werden, damit auf der Betriebsebene der notwendige Spielraum verbleiben kann. Die qualitative Tarifpolitik sollte dazu beitragen, die Erwerbsneigung vor allem von Frauen und älteren Arbeitnehmern zu fördern. Ziel sollte sein, den Erwerbspersonenrückgang durch längere Verweilzeiten im Arbeitsmarkt aufzufangen. Eine Analyse von Demografietarifverträgen zeigt, dass die Weichen dafür in vielen Branchen bereits gestellt sind.

Keywords

Alternde Bevölkerung, Lohnpolitik, ddc:330, Tarifverhandlungen, Deutschland

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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