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Terapêutica antifúngica de onicomicoses: potencial bioativo de três extratos de plantas

Experiência Profissionalizante na vertente de Farmácia Comunitária, Hospitalar e Investigação
Authors: Bastos, Raquel Martins;

Terapêutica antifúngica de onicomicoses: potencial bioativo de três extratos de plantas

Abstract

Este relatório integra a Unidade Curricular “Estágio” do Mestrado Integrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas e é constituído por três capítulos: o primeiro capítulo refere-se à vertente de Investigação, o segundo descreve a minha experiência na Farmácia Comunitária e o terceiro refere-se à minha experiência em Farmácia Hospitalar. O capítulo 1 refere-se à componente de investigação onde o objetivo de trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade antifúngica de três óleos essenciais: o óleo de Esteva (Cistus ladanifer), o óleo de Cedro-do-Buçaco (Cupressus lusitanica) e o óleo de Tomilho-limão (Thymus citriodorus). Estes óleos foram testados em diversas espécies de fungos causadores de onicomicoses. Onicomicose é o termo utilizado para designar a infeção fúngica da(s) unha(s). A onicomicose pode ser causada por fungos dermatófitos, não dermatófitos, mas também por leveduras. Os dermatófitos são responsáveis por 90% dos casos de onicomicoses. O tratamento desta patologia é problemático, por várias razões, e as terapias clássicas falham frequentemente. Os óleos essenciais têm sido sistematicamente estudados pelas suas propriedades bactericidas e fungicidas podendo constituir uma alternativa às terapias clássicas. Neste estudo, a atividade antifúngica dos óleos essenciais Cistus ladanifer, Cupressus lusitanica e Thymus citriodorus foi avaliada pelo método de microdiluição em caldo. A concentração mínima inibitória e a concentração mínima letal foram utilizadas para avaliar a atividade antifúngica da Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Aspergillus flavus (LF12), Aspergillus fumigatus (LF13), Aspergillus brasiliensis (ATCC 16404) e do Trichophyton mentagraphytes (LF137). Todos os óleos testados revelaram ter propriedades antifúngicas, sendo que o óleo Thymus citriodorus foi o que demostrou ter mais atividade contra todas as espécies testadas. Os óleos essenciais podem, no futuro, constituir uma alternativa mais eficaz e segura no tratamento das onicomicoses. O segundo capítulo descreve o estágio curricular na Farmácia Moderna, localizada no Tortosendo. Este estágio permitiu-me contactar com aquele que é o serviço diário de uma Farmácia Comunitária, capacitando-me para realizar, autonomamente, tarefas como a dispensa de medicamentos, a medição de parâmetros bioquímicos, a receção de encomendas entre muitas outras. O terceiro capítulo refere-se ao estágio realizado em Farmácia Hospitalar no Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira. Este estágio proporcionou-me o contacto com a realidade hospitalar, permitindo-me familiarizar-me com o circuito do medicamento desde a sua aquisição até à sua distribuição. O farmacêutico hospitalar desempenha inúmeras funções cruciais integrando equipas multidisciplinares.

This report is part of the Curricular Unit "Internship" of the Integrated Masters in Pharmaceutical Sciences and consists of three chapters: the first chapter refers to the research section, the second describes my experience in Community Pharmacy and the third refers to my experience in Hospital Pharmacy. Chapter 1 refers to the research component where the aim of the study was to evaluate the antifungal capacity of three essential oils: Esteva oil (Cistus ladanifer), Cedro-do-Buçaco oil (Cupressus lusitanica) and Thyme-Lemon oil (Thymus citriodorus). These oils were tested on several species of fungi causing onychomycosis. Onychomycosis is the term used to designate the fungal infection of the nail(s). Onychomycosis can be caused by dermatophyte, nondermatophytic and yeast fungi. Dermatophytes are responsible for 90% of cases. The treatment of this pathology is problematic for several reasons and classic therapies often fail. Essential oils have been systematically studied for their bactericidal and fungicidal properties and can be an alternative to classic therapies. In this study, the antifungal activity of the essential oils Cistus ladanifer, Cupressus lusitanica and Thymus citriodorus was evaluated by broth microdilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum lethal concentration were used to evaluate the antifungal activity of Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Aspergillus flavus (LF12), Aspergillus fumigatus (LF13), Aspergillus brasiliensis (ATCC 16404) and Trichophyton mentagraphytes (LF137). All the oils tested showed antifungal properties, and the oil Thymus citriodorus was what demonstrated more activity against all the species tested. In the future essential oils may be a more effective and safe alternative in the treatment of onychomycosis. The second chapter describes my internship in Modern Pharmacy at Tortosendo. This internship has allowed me to contact with the day-to-day life of a Community Pharmacy, enabling me to carry out, autonomously, tasks such as dispensing medications, measuring biochemical parameters, reception and storage of medication among many others. The third chapter describes my experience in Hospital Pharmacy at Cova da Beira Hospital Center. This internship allowed me to familiarize with the circuit of medication from its acquisition until its distribution. The hospital pharmacist performs numerous crucial functions integrating multidisciplinary teams.

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Portugal
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Atividade Antifúngica, Farmácia Hospitalar, Óleos Essenciais, Farmácia Comunitária, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Ciências Farmacêuticas, Onicomicose

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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