Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ uBibliorum Repositor...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
versions View all 1 versions
addClaim

Avaliação Objetiva da Acuidade Visual

Authors: Alves, João Miguel Oliveira;

Avaliação Objetiva da Acuidade Visual

Abstract

Introduction: The preferential looking method allows the measurement of visual acuity in people that can’t verbalize their answers. There are preferential looking techniques that use the presentation of cards. Their biggest inconvenience is how they depend greatly on the operator of the cards and their presentations are lengthy. The usage of objective techniques for the measurement of preferential looking might improve the performance of the tests with this technique. Objective: The objective of this study is to build a preferential looking test in an informatics platform that allows automatic and accurate measurements of visual acuity, without the necessity of any kind of answer of the subject in test and without any kind of subjective influence of a human test operator. Methods: This study was divided into three experiments. Experiment 1, with a sample of 29 corrected subjects, evaluated the preferential looking characteristics for a stimulus when it’s visible, and when it’s not. Experiment 2 had a sample of 20 subjects with uncorrected refractive error. A certain level of visual acuity was presented (vertical square wave gratings with a spatial frequency equivalent to 0.00 logMAR). The gaze of the subjects was registered so that a conclusion could be made on either the stimulus being seen or not. This decision was compared to a detection threshold of the same stimulus. In experiment 3, with the same sample of experiment 2, the preferential looking technique was used in the presentation various stimulus with different spatial frequencies. The values of the relative fixation time of subjects that observed the stimulus were modulated with a sigmoidal curve. Results: Experiment 1 proved that the period of time that a subject takes looking at the field of the monitor that presents the visible stimulus is superior to when the stimulus is not visible. In experiment 2 the preferential looking test correctly identified 70% of the tested subjects. In experiment 3 the best comparison determination coefficient was between the preferential looking test and the rotating E’s test (R2 = 0.769). It was proven that one dioptre of spherical refractive error diminishes visual acuity measure with the rotating E’s by 0.25 logMAR, in the preferential looking test this value was about 0.05 to 0.1 logMAR. Conclusions: The preferential looking test developed allows the determination of the direction of the gaze and can tell if the stimulus was seen or not. The usage of the relative fixation time metric gives the possibility of measuring the value of visual acuity in tested subjects.

Introdução: A técnica de Olhar Preferencial permite medir a acuidade visual em indivíduos que não verbalizam respostas. Existem técnicas de olhar preferencial que se baseiam na apresentação de cartas. Estas têm como principal inconveniente dependerem do operador das próprias cartas e a sua demonstração ser morosa. A utilização de técnicas objetivas para medição do olhar preferencial poderá melhorar o desempenho dos testes com esta técnica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo centra-se na construção de um teste de olhar preferencial numa plataforma informática que permita fazer medições automáticas e objetivas de acuidade visual sem qualquer tipo de resposta do indivíduo em teste e sem qualquer tipo de influência subjetiva de um operador humano. Métodos: Este estudo foi dividido em três experiências. A experiência 1, com uma amostra de 29 indivíduos compensados, avaliou as características do olhar preferencial para um estímulo visível e não visível. A experiencia 2, englobou 20 indivíduos com erro refrativo não compensado. Foi apresentado um nível de acuidade visual (riscas quadradas verticais com frequência espacial equivalente a 0.00 logMAR). O olhar dos indivíduos foi registado para concluir se via ou não o estímulo. Esta decisão foi comparada com um limiar de detecção para o mesmo estímulo. Na experiência 3, mesma amostra da experiência 2, consistiu na utilização da técnica de olhar preferencial e a apresentação de estímulos com diferentes frequências espaciais. Os valores do tempo de fixação relativo do estímulo foram modelados com uma curva sigmoidal. Resultados: A experiência 1 demonstrou que o tempo que um indivíduo passa a olhar para o campo do monitor que apresenta um estímulo visível é superior a quando o estímulo não é visível. Na experiência 2 o teste de olhar preferencial identificou corretamente 70% dos indivíduos testados. Na experiência 3 o melhor coeficiente de determinação da comparação foi entre o teste de olhar preferencial e os E´s rotativos (R2 = 0.769). Uma dioptria de erro refrativo esférico demonstrou a diminuir a acuidade visual medida com E’s rotativos em 0.25 logMAR, no teste de olhar preferencial foi cerca de 0.05 a 0.1 logMAR. Conclusões: O teste de olhar preferencial desenvolvido permite determinar a direcção do olhar e indicar se o estímulo é visto ou não. A utilização da métrica do tempo de fixação relativo permite medir o valor da acuidade visual nos indivíduos testados.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Tempo de Fixação Relativo, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Ciências da Visão, Acuidade Visual, Olhar Preferencial, Erro Refrativo

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    OpenAIRE UsageCounts
    Usage byUsageCounts
    visibility views 120
    download downloads 994
  • 120
    views
    994
    downloads
    Powered byOpenAIRE UsageCounts
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
visibility
download
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
downloads
OpenAIRE UsageCountsDownloads provided by UsageCounts
0
Average
Average
Average
120
994
Green