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Anticoagulação oral: foco nos novos anticoagulantes orais

Experiência profissionalizante na vertente de farmácia comunitária e investigação
Authors: Pinto, Pedro Daniel Borges;

Anticoagulação oral: foco nos novos anticoagulantes orais

Abstract

As doenças de origem tromboembólica continuam a ser um desafio às práticas clinicas na atualidade. Apesar das terapias anticoagulantes clássicas estarem largamente estudadas e a sua eficácia ser comprovada, estas possuem muitas limitações conhecidas. Por este facto, têm sido feitos esforços para encontrar alternativas viáveis em termos de eficácia e com perfis de segurança melhorados. Assim, novas classes farmacológicas surgiram para tentar responder a estas limitações, nomeadamente os anticoagulantes de ação direta ou novos anticoagulantes orais. Este trabalho de investigação teve por base uma análise da bibliografia disponível, com o intuito de se tentar perceber se estes novos fármacos são, realmente, alternativas viáveis e vantajosas. Um importante número de estudos mostrou que estes fármacos não são inferiores às terapias clássicas em termos de eficácia e, para além disso, apresentaram uma diminuição nas taxas de efeitos secundários. No entanto, estes fármacos ainda possuem algumas limitações e o conhecimento sobre eles ainda não está suficientemente aprofundado, principalmente em subpopulações especiais. Deste modo, é então necessário o enriquecer do conhecimento científico sobre esta nova classe, através de mais estudos e ensaios, da farmacovigilância e da experiência adquirida na clínica. Na segunda parte do trabalho é relatada a minha experiência pessoal no âmbito da realização do estágio final de curso, explicando as várias valências e componentes existentes na farmácia onde decorreu o estágio, e as atividades por mim realizadas. Foi uma experiência muito enriquecedora em termos de aquisição de conhecimento a vários níveis, tanto científicos como profissionais, deontológicos e éticos.

Thromboembolic diseases continue to be a challenge to clinical practice nowadays. Although the standard anticoagulant therapies are widely studied and its effectiveness is proven, they have many known limitations. For this reason efforts have been made to find viable alternatives in terms of efficiency and improved safety profiles. For that fact, new drug classes have emerged to try to answer these limitations, namely the direct action anticoagulants or novel oral anticoagulants. This research was based on an analysis of available literature, in order to try to understand whether these new drugs really are a viable and advantageous alternative. A significant number of studies have shown that these drugs are not inferior to standard therapies in terms of efficacy and, moreover, showed a decrease in side effect rates. These drugs also have some limitations and knowledge about them is not enough depth, especially in special subpopulations. It will then be necessary to enrich the scientific knowledge of this new class, through more studies and trials, pharmacovigilance and experience in the clinic. In the second part of the work describes my personal experience with the completion of the class’s final stage , explaining the various existing valences and components in the pharmacy where the training took place , and the activities carried out by me . It was a very enriching experience in terms of acquisition of knowledge at many levels, both scientific, professional and ethical.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Anticoagulantes Orais, Novos Anticoagulantes Orais, Antagonistas da Vitamina K, Coagulação, Antiagregantes Plaquetares, Doenças Tromboembólicas, Farmácia Comunitária, Anticoagulantes de Ação Direta, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Ciências Farmacêuticas

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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