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Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental na Depressão

Authors: Pita, Amélia Soraia Andrade;

Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental na Depressão

Abstract

Introdução: Cerca de 300 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo sofrem de depressão, uma doença incapacitante que ocasiona grandes custos socioeconómicos e emocionais e cuja incidência tem vindo a aumentar de forma galopante. Apesar da sua etiopatogenia não estar completamente esclarecida, existem alguns modelos que propõem explicações para a mesma, no sentido de auxiliar perspectivas terapêuticas. O modelo cognitivo pressupõe que esquemas mal adaptativos existentes desde a infância, quando activados, levam a um processamento distorcido e a pensamentos negativos que, por sua vez, geram sintomatologia depressiva. A terapia cognitivo-comportamental, baseada neste modelo, tem como objectivo corrigir as crenças distorcidas e, assim, tratar o paciente com depressão. Vários estudos têm demonstrado o importante papel desta terapia nas taxas de recaída e remissão, sugerindo que se trata de uma alternativa terapêutica eficaz para o tratamento da depressão. Objectivo: Rever, de forma sistemática, a relação entre a terapia cognitivo-comportamental e a depressão. Metodologia: Para a elaboração desta revisão foram analisados artigos indexados na base de dados PubMed, assim como livros e estudos publicados em revistas científicas. Resultados: A terapia cognitivo-comportamental é eficaz na redução e consequente remissão da sintomatologia depressiva, assim como na prevenção de recaídas. A par da tradução sintomatológica, apresenta uma tradução imagiológica. Conclusões: As evidências sugerem que a terapia cognitivo-comportamental tem um impacto benéfico na depressão. Assim sendo, esta terapia deverá ser considerada como uma estratégia a ponderar no tratamento da depressão.

Introduction: Approximately 300 million people worldwide suffer from depression, a disabling disease that causes severe emotional and socio-economic cost. The incidence of depression has had a rampant increase. Although its pathogenesis is not completely understood, there are some models that propose explanations in order to support therapeutic perspectives. The cognitive model assumes that when maladaptive schemes existent since childhood are activated, they lead to distorted processing and negative thoughts that, in turn, generate depressive symptomatology. The cognitive behavioral therapy, based on this model, aims to correct the distorted beliefs and thereby treat the patient with depression. Several studies have demonstrated the important role of this therapy on relapse and remission rates, suggesting that it is an effective alternative therapy for the treatment of depression. Objective: To review systematically the relation between cognitive behavioral therapy and depression. Methodology: For the preparation of this review articles indexed in PubMed were analyzed, as well as books and studies published in scientific journals. Results: The cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in reducing and subsequent remission of depressive symptoms, as well as relapse prevention. Alongside symptomatological evidence it also presents imaging evidence. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy has a beneficial impact on depression. Consequently this therapy can be seen as an option to be considered for treating depression.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Farmacologia, Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Medicina, Neuroimagiologia, Depressão, Psicoterapias

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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