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Estudo numérico do processo de mistura de jactos coaxiais confinados

Authors: Neves, Fernando Manuel da Silva Pereira das;

Estudo numérico do processo de mistura de jactos coaxiais confinados

Abstract

A mistura turbulenta de jactos coaxiais confinados é um complexo processo dinâmico com muitas aplicações práticas, como em ejectores, bombas a jacto, queimadores industriais, câmaras de combustão de motores a jacto, foguetes nucleares gasosos, câmaras de mistura, afterburners1, motores turbofan. Nestas últimas aplicações, o confinamento é também de interesse fundamental, porque envolve certos fenómenos de interacção de escoamentos turbulentos, cujos detalhes não estão ainda quantitativamente completamente entendidos. Tem havido estudos do comportamento aerodinâmico de jactos coaxiais em diferentes tipos de geométricas e com diferentes parâmetros operacionais com diferentes motivações. Enquanto que uma larga escala de relações de diâmetros foi investigada no passado, praticamente não há registo de trabalhos para diâmetros inferiores a 2, que é o caso dos motores turbofan com muito baixo bypass2, com razões de bypass de 0.3 ou inferior. Recentemente, foram publicadas algumas medidas detalhadas, obtidas com LDV (Velocimetria Laser) de velocidades médias e intensidade de turbulência, bem como a pressão estática e total acerca desta gama de razões de velocidade com relevância no presente contexto. Contudo, para além da influência das razões de velocidade no processo de mistura turbulenta, existem muitos outros parâmetros que influenciam o processo de mistura turbulenta. Este trabalho é dedicado ao estudo do efeito dos níveis da turbulência inicial no processo de mistura turbulenta dos jactos coaxiais confinados, que recebeu pouca atenção no passado. Os resultados mostram que o efeito da variação da intensidade de turbulência do jacto interior está associado a um padrão de distribuição da energia cinética turbulenta, k, que é praticamente constante, havendo o aparecimento de uma zona de recirculação numa localização praticamente constante a jusante. No caso do efeito da variação da intensidade de turbulência do jacto exterior, a zona de recirculação muda de posição e recua até ao desaparecimento no limite máximo, ou seja, a variação do jacto exterior tem muita influência, predomina.

Turbulent mixing of confined co-axial jets is a complex dynamic process with many practical applications such as ejectors, jet pumps, industrial burners, jet engine combustion chambers, gaseous nuclear rockets, mixing chambers, afterburners, turbofan engine. In this latter applications the confinement is also of basic interest because it involves a certain interacting turbulent flow phenomena, the details of which are not yet fully understood quantitatively (Ahmed3 and Sharma4 , 2000). There have been studies of different geometric and operating parameters on the turbulent mixing process of confined co-axial jets with different motivations. While a wide range of diameter ratios has been investigated in the past, no work was reported on diameter ratios below 2, which is the case with many low bypass turbofan engines with bypass ratios of 0.3 and less. Only Ahmed and Sharma (2000) reported recently detailed LDV measurements of mean and turbulence components of velocity as well as the total and static pressures over a range of velocity ratios with relevance in the present context. In their work they analyse the influence of velocity ratio on the turbulent mixing process, but there are many other parameters which influence the turbulent mixing process. This work will be dedicated to the study the effect of initial turbulence levels of confined co-axial jets on the turbulent mixing process, which has received little attention in the past, and the study of pressure gradient.

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Keywords

Jactos coaxiais, Aeronaves, Jactos coaxiais - Aspectos aerodinâmicos, Jactos coaxiais - Turbulência

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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