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Propriedades do betão auto-compactável com incorporação de agregados finos reciclados

Authors: Pinto, Hugo Alexandre Silva;

Propriedades do betão auto-compactável com incorporação de agregados finos reciclados

Abstract

O betão auto-compactável (BAC) tem a capacidade de fluir no interior das cofragens, preenchendo-as e envolvendo as armaduras por acção do seu peso próprio, sem bloqueio dos agregados, mantendo-se homogéneo em todo o seu volume. A avaliação e a previsão do comportamento dos BAC implica o conhecimento das suas propriedades reológicas no estado fresco, através de estudos reológicos. Em termos ambientais, o BAC, quando comparado com o betão convencional vibrado, apresenta vantagens, tais como: ausência de ruído e de vibração durante a betonagem, facilidade de colocação em zonas de difícil acesso, diminuição do tempo de construção, redução da mão-deobra, maior liberdade na concepção estrutural e artística das estruturas de betão e, tudo isto, conjuntamente com uma óptima qualidade dos elementos betonados, uma alta impermeabilidade e maior durabilidade das estruturas. A possibilidade de utilização de agregados reciclados na composição do BAC contribui para o aumento do seu valor ecológico. Neste estudo, foram revistos alguns dos principais métodos de estudo na composição de BAC, nomeadamente, o método proposto pelo professor Okamura e seus colaboradores, o método proposto pela Sociedade Japonesa de Engenharia Civil (JSCE) e o método proposto pelo professor Nepomuceno. São também abordados aspectos relativos ao desenvolvimento do BAC, seus materiais constituintes e propriedades do betão fresco e endurecido. Através da revisão bibliográfica constatou-se que os métodos propostos por Okamura e seus colaboradores e pela JSCE são os mais generalizados pela sua simplicidade, apresentando, no entanto, algumas limitações. Em resultado da apreciação efectuada, entendeu-se que seria adequado utilizar o método de Nepomuceno para optimizar misturas de BAC com agregados finos reciclados. Com o objectivo de estudar as propriedades do BAC com a incorporação de agregados finos reciclados desenvolveu-se um programa experimental que incluiu, numa primeira fase, a produção e ensaio de 11 misturas binárias com percentagens sucessivamente crescentes de agregados finos. Posteriormente, foram ainda estudadas 6 misturas ternárias para o mesmo efeito. Nas misturas binárias a percentagem de substituição do agregado fino natural por agregado fino reciclado variou (em incrementos de 5%) desde os 0% na mistura de referência até aos 50%, enquanto nas misturas ternárias a percentagem de substituição do agregado fino natural por agregado fino reciclado variou (em incrementos de 10%) desde os 0% na mistura de referência até aos 50%. O estudo efectuado permitiu verificar que a perda de resistência à compressão das argamassas se acentua com o aumento da percentagem de substituição dos agregados finos naturais pelos agregados finos reciclados. No entanto, esta perda não é tão significativa que inviabilize a utilização destes agregados finos reciclados. Isto leva a acreditar que é viável a incorporação de agregados reciclados finos no BAC.

The self-compacting concrete (SCC) has the ability to flow into the formwork, filling them and involving the reinforcements by the action of its own weight, without blocking of the aggregate, remaining uniform throughout its volume. The evaluation and prediction of the behavior of SCC requires the knowledge of its rheological properties in fresh state, by rheological studies. In environmental terms, the SCC, when compared with the conventional vibrated concrete, has advantages such as: no noise and vibration during concreting, ease of placement in areas of difficult access, reduction of construction time, reduced labor workforce, greater freedom in artistic and structural design of concrete structures, and this, together with an optimum quality of concreted elements, a high impermeability and durability of structures. The possibility of using recycled aggregates in the composition of the SCC also contributes to increase their ecological value. In this study, the main methods for mix design of the SCC were reviewed, namely, the method proposed by Professor Okamura and co-authors, the method proposed by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE) and the method proposed by Professor Nepomuceno. The issues concerning to the development of the SCC, its constituent materials and the properties of fresh and hardened concrete are also discussed. Through literature review it was found that the methods proposed by Okamura and co-authors and by JSCE are more widespread due to its simplicity, presenting, however, some limitations. As a result of the assessment done, it was thought as appropriate to use the method proposed by Nepomuceno to optimize the SCC mixtures with fine recycled aggregates. In order to study the properties of the SCC with the incorporation of recycled fine aggregates it was developed an experimental program that included, on a first phase, the production and testing of 11 binary mixtures with successively increasing percentages of fine aggregate. Subsequently, six ternary mixtures were studied for the same purpose. In binary mixtures the rate of replacement of natural fine aggregate by recycled fine aggregate varied (in increments of 5%) since the 0% on the reference mixture at up to 50%, while in ternary mixtures the rate of replacement of natural fine aggregate by recycled fine aggregate varied (in increments of 10%) since the 0% on the reference mixture at up to 50%. This study showed that the loss of the compressive strength of mortar increases with the increase in the percentage of replacement of natural fine aggregate by recycled fine aggregate.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Betão auto-compactável - Propriedades, Betão auto-compactável - Adjuvantes, Betão auto-compactável, Betão auto-compactável - Reologia, Betão auto-compactável - Agregadis finos reciclados, Residuos de construção

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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