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Orientação para o mercado em hospitais públicos vs hospitais privados: estudo de caso

Authors: Oliveira, Tiago;

Orientação para o mercado em hospitais públicos vs hospitais privados: estudo de caso

Abstract

A Orientação para o mercado (OM) tem-se mostrado, no actual e competitivo meio económico, uma alternativa eficaz como cultura organizacional com proveitos acrescidos para as empresas que a adoptam. Diversos estudos desenvolvidos, principalmente, no final da década de 80 e 90 provaram que as organizações orientadas para o mercado encontram-se em posição de vantagem competitiva relativamente aos seus concorrentes directos. A proximidade do cliente e a integração dos vários departamentos organizacionais foca um ambiente criativo com lugar para ideias inovadoras em benefício do cliente final. O Ministério da Saúde definiu estratégias para “Obter Mais Ganhos em Saúde para Todos – centradas na família e no ciclo de vida” e estratégias para a “Gestão da Mudança - centradas no cidadão”. Pretende-se capacitar o sistema de saúde para a inovação, desenvolvendo a gestão dos recursos humanos e a gestão da informação e do conhecimento. O Estado promove e garante o acesso de todos os cidadãos aos cuidados de saúde nos limites dos recursos humanos, técnicos e financeiros disponíveis. A Lei de Gestão Hospitalar - Lei n.º 27/2002 de 8 de Novembro refere que os cuidados de saúde são prestados por serviços e estabelecimentos do Estado ou, sob fiscalização deste, por outros entes públicos ou por entidades privadas, sem ou com fins lucrativos. Dado a realidade deste novo mercado ser cada vez mais competitiva, exige-se às organizações prestadoras de cuidados de saúde uma maior diferenciação na postura que assumem perante o mercado e os seus concorrentes. Assim, torna-se fulcral uma cultura direccionada ao utente que paralelamente responda ao mercado da forma mais eficiente possível. Neste contexto foi objectivo deste trabalho explorar a forma como dois hospitais públicos e dois hospitais privados orientam a sua filosofia organizacional de acordo com as necessidades do doente. Assim, foi aplicada a escala de MARKOR e elaborada uma entrevista dividida em três partes que exploram consecutivamente, a capacidade de o hospital estudar as necessidades dos doentes, a forma como gerem essa informação internamente e se após este trabalho interno, oferecem, efectivamente, uma resposta eficaz às necessidades dos mesmos. Concluiu-se que os quatro hospitais são orientados para o utente, sendo esta aproximação, mais vincados nos hospitais do sector público. Observou-se nas instituições prestadoras de cuidados de saúde uma preocupação com a melhoria dos cuidados de saúde e com a satisfação dos utentes. Todos os hospitais recolhem informação junto dos utentes, disseminam-na internamente recorrendo aos circuitos próprios de cada uma e tentam, sempre que possível responder positivamente às necessidades dos utentes.

Market Orientation demonstrated in this actual and competitive economical field, an efficient alternative as organizational culture with valuable profits to enterprises that adopt it. Many studies developed mainly in the 80s and 90s, proved that market oriented organizations have, nowadays, competitive advantage to their direct competitors. The proximity to the client and the integration of panoply of organizational departments focus a more creative ambience favourable to innovative ideas with benefits to the final costumer. The National Health Department defined strategies to “Obtain more profits in health for everyone – focus in family and the circle of life” and strategies for a “Management of Change – focus in the citizen”. The purpose is to capacitate the health system of innovation, developing human resources management, informatics and knowledge management. The Portuguese State promotes and grants access to every citizen health care services within human resources, technical and financial limits available. In Hospital Management law – law nº 27/2002 of the 8th of November of Portuguese Constitution refers that healthcare services are provided by services and state establishments or, under supervision of it, by other public entities or private entities, with or without profits. Given the actual reality, this new market much more competitive, demands to health care providers a more differential posture that they assume to their market and to their competitors. Therefore, it becomes a very important culture directed to the user that at the same time responds to the market as efficiently as possible In this context the aim of this work was to explore how two public and two private hospitals oriented their organisational work method philosophy according to the patient needs. Therefore, was used the MARKOR scale and elaborate an interview divided in three parts that explored consecutively the ability of the hospital to study the patients need, the way they manage that information internally and if after this work they offer, efficiently, an answer the needs of their own. It follows that the four hospitals are patient oriented organizations, being this approach, more emphasized in the public sector. It was observed that in this health care facilities all were focused and awared with improvement of health care services and client satisfaction. Every hospitals collects information among patients, share them internally within their own systems and try, as possible, to answer positively to patient needs.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais::Gestão de Unidades de Saúde, Marketing de saúde, Serviço de saúde

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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