Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ uBibliorum Repositor...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
addClaim

Design and fabrication of a paraffin hybrid rocket engine

Authors: Almeida, Gonçalo Freire Pires Bidarra de;

Design and fabrication of a paraffin hybrid rocket engine

Abstract

Esta dissertação apresenta o projeto, a construção e o teste experimental de um motor foguete híbrido à base de parafina, utilizando óxido nitroso como oxidante. O objetivo do projeto foi avaliar o comportamento da regressão do combustível de parafina em condições realistas e analisar o desempenho global do sistema. O motor apresenta uma configuração de grão cilíndrico único e foi testado sem técnicas de melhoramento da combustão. A taxa de regressão média medida foi de aproximadamente 1,0 mm/s, consistente com os valores registados para sistemas à base de parafina não aumentados. O consumo de combustível foi uniforme ao longo do comprimento do grão e a superfície queimada apresentou texturas onduladas caraterísticas dos combustíveis liquefeitos, indicando uma atividade de arrastamento limitada. O sistema de alimentação do oxidante constituiu uma limitação significativa do desempenho. Enquanto as simulações termoquímicas baseadas numa relação O/F de 6,8 previam um desempenho ótimo, os testes reais revelaram um caudal de oxidante muito inferior (~57 g/s), resultando numa relação O/F medida mais próxima de 2,25. Esta discrepância foi atribuída a problemas de vaporização causados por um dimensionamento inadequado do injetor, por absorção de calor em componentes metálicos e por uma orientação do tanque que favoreceu a absorção de óxido nitroso na fase de vapor. O baixo fluxo de massa do oxidante contribuiu diretamente para a modesta taxa de regressão observada. Apesar destas limitações, o projeto revelou conhecimentos valiosos sobre o desenvolvimento de foguetes híbridos em fase inicial, em particular a importância de alinhar os pressupostos do projeto com as limitações práticas do fluxo e as considerações térmicas. Os melhoramentos futuros devem centrar-se na otimização da área do injetor, na redução das perdas de pressão no sistema de alimentação, na garantia de uma extração adequada do líquido do tanque do oxidante e no potencial aumento da pressão da câmara através da modificação do bocal. Estas alterações têm como objetivo permitir um maior fluxo de massa de oxidante, melhorar o feedback térmico e atingir taxas de regressão mais representativas dos sistemas de propulsão híbridos de elevado desempenho.

his dissertation presents the design, construction, and experimental testing of a paraffin-based hybrid rocket motor using nitrous oxide as the oxidiser. The project's goal was to evaluate the regression behaviour of paraffin fuel under realistic conditions and analyse the system’s overall performance. The motor featured a single cylindrical grain configuration and was tested without swirl or combustion enhancement techniques. The average regression rate measured was approximately 1.0 mm/s, consistent with values reported for unaugmented paraffin-based systems. Fuel consumption was uniform along the grain length, and the burned surface exhibited wave-like textures characteristic of liquefying fuels, indicating limited entrainment activity. A significant performance limitation came from the oxidiser feed system. While thermochemical simulations based on an O/F ratio of 6.8 predicted optimal performance, actual tests revealed a much lower oxidiser flow rate (~57 g/s), resulting in a measured O/F ratio closer to 2.25. This discrepancy was attributed to vaporisation issues caused by inadequate injector sizing, heat soak into metallic components, and tank orientation that favoured the drawing of nitrous oxide in the vapor-phase. The low oxidiser mass flux contributed directly to the modest regression rate observed. Despite these limitations, the project showed valuable insights into early-stage hybrid rocket development, particularly the importance of aligning design assumptions with practical flow limitations and thermal considerations. Future improvements should focus on optimising injector area, reducing pressure losses in the feed system, ensuring proper liquid draw from the oxidiser tank, and potentially increasing chamber pressure through nozzle modification. These changes aim to enable higher oxidiser mass flux, enhance thermal feedback, and achieve regression rates more representative of highperformance hybrid propulsion systems.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Motor Foguete Híbrido, Design, Parafina, Fabricação, Oxido Nitroso

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green