
handle: 10400.6/19276
Este estudo analisa o impacto da estrutura fiscal no crescimento económico dos 27 Estados-Membros da União Europeia, de 2010 a 2022. Usamos modelos econométricos dinâmicos em painel, nomeadamente, modelos Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) com variáveis instrumentais, que permitem lidar com a natureza dinâmica do crescimento. Estimaram-se duas equações de crescimento económico; A primeira centra-se em determinantes mais clássicos: Investimento público, educação, saúde e inovação. A segunda na composição fiscal e na qualidade institucional. Os resultados mostram que os trabalhadores com nível de educação avançada contribuem positivamente para o crescimento económico, impostos sobre o consumo e sobre o capital contribuem positivamente para o crescimento, enquanto impostos sobre propriedade afetam negativamente. Este trabalho oferece um contributo à discussão europeia para promover o crescimento económico sustentado e a harmonização fiscal.
This study analyzes the impact of tax structure on economic growth in the 27 Member States of the European Union, from 2010 to 2022. We use dynamic panel econometric models, namely Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) models with instrumental variables, which allow us to address the dynamic nature of growth. Two economic growth equations were estimated; the first focuses on more classical determinants: public investment, education, health and innovation. The second on tax composition and institutional quality. The results show that workers with advanced education contribute positively to economic growth, consumption and capital taxes contribute positively to growth, while property taxes have a negative impact. This work offers a contribution to the European discussion to promote sustained economic growth and fiscal harmonization.
Crescimento Europeu, Dados em Painel, Modelo Dinâmico, PIB, Crescimento económico, UE-27, Impostos, Dynamic Model, Economic Growth, Estrutura Fiscal, Método dos Momentos Generalizado, European Growth
Crescimento Europeu, Dados em Painel, Modelo Dinâmico, PIB, Crescimento económico, UE-27, Impostos, Dynamic Model, Economic Growth, Estrutura Fiscal, Método dos Momentos Generalizado, European Growth
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