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A arquitectura vernacular da Madeira: tradição, identidade e sustentabilidade

Authors: Teixeira, Cláudia Rubina Quintal;

A arquitectura vernacular da Madeira: tradição, identidade e sustentabilidade

Abstract

O caso em estudo visa aprofundar e adquirir conhecimentos teóricos sobre a arquitectura popular tradicional da ilha da Madeira e desenvolver capacidades e competências na área da reabilitação do património rural. Este trabalho constitui assim, um momento de análise e reflexão sobre a arquitectura frequentemente apelidada de “anónima”, tendo como objectivo principal a proposta de algumas medidas de reabilitação, que nos conduzem inevitavelmente a desafios ao nível: da estrutura, comportamento e conservação dos materiais; do máximo aproveitamento de espaços exíguos; da compatibilidade de soluções construtivas, e acima de tudo o desafio de apontar soluções de reabilitação que reúnam a ecologia, a sustentabilidade e a economia. A elaboração do trabalho está compreendida em cinco fases. Na primeira, abordam-se conceitos, de arquitectura vernacular, de identidade e cultura dos povos, e a análise e definição da casa e do habitar. Na segunda fase, efectua-se uma breve retrospectiva no tempo, para explicar a razão de ser de algumas tipologias habitacionais – fortemente influenciadas pela geografia, materiais autóctones, economia e modo de vida dos habitantes da ilha. Na terceira fase, decompõe-se a arquitectura popular tradicional madeirense, analisando as vertentes: funcional, estrutural e estética. Concluída esta etapa, passamos ao estudo de caso, onde é realizado um levantamento de cinco casas de uma localidade – Camacha. A última fase reúne a catalogação das anomalias de uma das habitações analisadas, sendo também apresentadas algumas medidas de reabilitação, para fazer corresponder a habitação às necessidades e expectativas de uma sociedade moderna. Esta investigação permitiu dar um pequeno avanço, no que diz respeito ao conhecimento ainda que num plano teórico, de um modelo económico e sustentável que pode ser aplicado na reabilitação da arquitectura popular tradicional madeirense e que permite em simultâneo manter a identidade e cultura locais.

This study aims to develop and acquire knowledge on the traditional local architecture of the Madeira Island and develop capacities and skills in the rehabilitation of the rural heritage. This thesis is so, a reflection and analysis on the architecture often called "anonymous”, having as main objective the development of rehabilitation measures, which lead inevitably to challenges to the level: of the structure, behavior and conservation of materials, of the use of small spaces; compatibility of constructive solutions, and above all, the challenge of developing solutions that meet the ecology, economy and sustainability at its heart. The work is comprised of five phases. The first one includes the concepts of vernacular architecture, identity and culture of peoples, and the analysis and definition of the house and dwell. In the second phase is made a brief retrospective in time to explain the reason for certain types of houses - strongly influenced by geography, existing materials, economy and way of life of the inhabitants. The third phase decomposes the traditional popular architecture of the island, examining the aspects: functionality, structure and aesthetic. The next phase uncovers the study-cases made in a village – Camacha. The final phase comprises the cataloging of the deficiencies analyzed in one of the houses studied in the previous phase, and some measures of rehabilitation to meet the housing needs and expectations of modern society. This research led to a small advance with regard to the knowledge, although, in theory, of one sustainable economic model which can be applied in the rehabilitation of the madeiran traditional popular architecture allowing simultaneously maintain the identity and culture.

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ilha da Madeira, Arquitectura popular tradicional, Reabilitação arquitectónica, Património rural

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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