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Efeitos da sazonalidade em doenças cardiovasculares: Uma Revisão Sistemática

Authors: Alves, Florência Fernandes;

Efeitos da sazonalidade em doenças cardiovasculares: Uma Revisão Sistemática

Abstract

As doenças cardiovasculares constituem a causa número um de morte em Portugal e a nível mundial. Vários estudos descreveram um efeito de sazonalidade, ou seja, uma maior incidência numa estação do ano, em várias doenças, entre elas as cardiovasculares. Aliás, foi exposto por vários autores um “paradoxo da mortalidade em excesso no inverno", em que países com Invernos mais amenos, como é o caso de Portugal, apresentam maior sazonalidade de mortalidade do que alguns países em latitudes mais elevadas. Realizámos uma revisão sistemática para avaliar a existência de sazonalidade na mortalidade e morbilidade por DCV na população portuguesa. Foi efetuada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost; B-ON e SCOPUS, tendo sido obtido 92 resultados, dos quais foram excluídos 53 duplicados. Seguindo as guidelines PRISMA triámos trinta e nove artigos científicos, selecionando no final sete. À exceção de um artigo, apenas focado num tipo de DCV e circunscrito à população da cidade do Porto, todos os estudos mostraram um excesso de mortalidade/morbilidade por DCV no Inverno, chegando esta diferença a 38% num dos estudos. Também foi possível verificar que existe uma assimetria geográfica na sazonalidade cardiovascular, ocorrendo esta maioritariamente nas zonas interiores do país. Os estudos efetuados até agora sobre esta temática na população portuguesa são escassos e não tomam em conta os vários fatores, a maioria modificáveis, que afetam a sazonalidade das DCV, como a dieta, poluição do ar, níveis de atividade física, entre outros. É fundamental que todos estes fatores sejam analisados e que as autoridades de saúde e o governo português emitam medidas para combater este fenómeno.

Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death in Portugal and worldwide. Several studies have described a seasonality effect, that is, a higher incidence in one season of the year, in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. In fact, a “paradox of excess mortality in winter” has been exposed by several authors, in which countries with milder winters, such as Portugal, have greater seasonality in mortality than some countries at higher latitudes. We carried out a systematic review to assess the existence of seasonality in CVD mortality and morbidity in the Portuguese population. A search was carried out in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost databases; B-ON and SCOPUS, having obtained 92 results, of which 53 duplicates were excluded. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we screened thirty-nine scientific articles, selecting seven at the end. Apart from one article, only focused on a type of CVD and limited to the population of the city of Porto, all studies showed an excess of mortality/morbidity due to CVD in winter, reaching 38% in one of the studies. It was also possible to verify that there is a geographic asymmetry in cardiovascular seasonality, which occurs mostly in the interior areas of the country. Studies carried out so far on this topic in the Portuguese population are scarce and do not consider the various factors, most of which are modifiable, that affect the seasonality of CVD, such as diet, air pollution, levels of physical activity, among others. It is essential that all these factors are analyzed and that the health authorities and the Portuguese government issue measures to combat this phenomenon.

Country
Portugal
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Keywords

Portugal, Doenças Cardiovasculares, Sazonalidade, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Medicina, Revisão Sistemática

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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