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Amiloidose Cardíaca

Uma visão atual
Authors: Lopes, Julien Oliveira;

Amiloidose Cardíaca

Abstract

A amiloidose representa um grupo de doenças que se caraterizam pela deposição extracelular de fibrilhas proteicas insolúveis devido a alterações no seu desdobramento - proteína amiloide - podendo ser sistémicas ou localizadas. O envolvimento cardíaco neste grupo de doenças dá-se especialmente em três tipos: na amiloidose AL, na amiloidose do tipo ATTRh e na amiloidose do tipo ATTRwt, antigamente denominada de amiloidose sistémica senil. A deposição da proteína amiloide no coração é responsável por uma miocardiopatia de padrão restritivo que habitualmente cursa com sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca e que, não infrequentemente, pode ser confundida ou coexistir com outras patologias (por exemplo, estenose aórtica, cardiopatia hipertensiva), levando a um subdiagnóstico desta entidade. Com o aparecimento de novas terapêuticas para tipos específicos de amiloidose, torna-se de extrema importância um diagnóstico precoce, de forma a poder tratar da forma mais dirigida possível estes doentes. Com este trabalho pretende-se fazer uma revisão da literatura existente, abordando a fisiopatologia dos principais tipos de amiloidose que afetam o coração, o diagnóstico e as estratégias terapêuticas atualmente existentes.

Amyloidosis represents a range of diseases that are characterized by the extracelular deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils due to their misfolding, called amyloid, and can be systemic or localized. The cardiac involvement is due to 3 main causes: AL amyloidosis, hATTR amyloidosis and wtATTR, formerly known as senile systemic amyloidosis. The deposition of amyloid in the heart is responsible for a restrictive cardiomyopathy, usually characterized by heart failure symptoms that not infrequently can be mistaken or coexist with other diseases (such as aortic stenosis or hypertensive heart disease), making it an underdiagnosed entity. With the development of new therapies specific for the amyloid type, an early diagnosis is extremely important in order to treat patients in the most appropriate way. In this dissertation I will do a literature review adressing the physiopathology of the main types of cardiac amyloidosis, their diagnosis and the treatment currently available.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Tratamento, Miocardiopatias, Diagnóstico, Etiologia, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde::Medicina, Amiloidose Cardíaca

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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