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Master thesis . 2024
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Influência da pressão antropogénica na distribuição e ecologia alimentar de aves limícolas em contexto urbano

Authors: Lopes, André Flora;

Influência da pressão antropogénica na distribuição e ecologia alimentar de aves limícolas em contexto urbano

Abstract

As aves limícolas são, na sua grande maioria, animais migradores de grandes distâncias e importantes predadores da zona entremarés. Com o aumento da procura e utilização das regiões costeiras pela população humana, os habituais habitats destas aves podem sofrer alterações. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a influência da pressão antropogénica na distribuição e no comportamento alimentar das aves limícolas em contexto urbano. O trabalho de campo foi realizado ao longo da zona costeira do concelho de Oeiras; foram efetuadas contagens de aves em 48 setores de zona entremarés, observações focais de aves em alimentação e medições das distâncias de alerta (DA) e das distâncias de iniciação de voo (DIV) na presença de um humano e na presença de um humano acompanhado por um cão. Foi estimada a perturbação humana através de contagens de pessoas e cães. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que três das quatro espécies mais comuns na área de estudo (o Maçarico-galego Numenius phaeopus, o Borrelho-grande-de-coleira Charadrius hiaticula, e o Pilrito-das-praias Calidris alba) são afetadas pela presença de perturbação na zona entremarés (p<0,05; a Rola-do-mar Arenaria interpres foi a exceção e este padrão), mas nenhuma espécie foi afetada pela perturbação na zona do passadiço adjacente. Também se registou valores menores de DA e DIV das aves na presença de um cão quando comparado com a perturbação somente com uma pessoa, tanto no pilrito-das-praias como na rola-do-mar, sugerindo que a presença de cães é um fator de perturbação mais relevante. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo são de grande importância para quantificar o efeito da perturbação humana na distribuição e no comportamento das aves limícolas em contexto urbano, e poderão ser utilizados (e.g. pela Câmara Municipal de Oeiras) para a aplicação de medidas de gestão do ambiente costeiro que possam contribuir para a conservação das aves limícolas.

Most shorebirds are long-distance migrants and important predators of the intertidal zone. The increase in demand and use of coastal regions by the human population can impact the habitats of these birds. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of anthropogenic pressure on the distribution and feeding behaviour of waders in an urban context. The fieldwork was carried out along the coastal zone of the municipality of Oeiras; bird counts were carried out in 48 sectors of the intertidal zone, along with focal observations of feeding birds and measurements of alert distances (AD) and flight initiation distances (FID) in the presence of a human and in the presence of a human and a dog. The human disturbance was estimated through counts of people and dogs. The results show that three of the four most common species in the study area (the Eurasian whimbrel Numenius phaeopus, the Ringed plover Charadrius hiaticula, and the Sanderling Calidris alba) are affected by the presence of disturbance in the intertidal zone (p<0.05; the Turnstone Arenaria interpres was the exception to this pattern), but no species is affected by disturbance in the adjacent walkway zone. We also found lower AD and FID values for birds in the presence of a dog when compared to disturbance by a person alone, for both the sanderling and the turnstone, suggesting that dogs are a more relevant disturbance factor. The results obtained in this study can be of great importance in quantifying the effect of human disturbance on the distribution and behaviour of waders in an urban context and can be used (e.g. by the Oeiras City Council) to implement management measures for the coastal environment that can contribute to the conservation of waders that occur in this area.

Tese de Mestrado, Ecologia Marinha, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas, Zona entremarés, Concelho de Oeiras, Perturbação humana, Aves migradoras, Locais de paragem, Teses de mestrado - 2024

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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