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handle: 10400.5/6537
As demonstrações financeiras assumem cada vez mais um papel preponderante no processo de tomada de decisão das empresas. Surgem como opções para expressar o valor patrimonial das empresas o Custo Histórico e o Justo Valor. Neste trabalho serão abordados ambas as formas de valorização de ativos, evidenciando as suas vantagens e desvantagens. Através de um modelo com variáveis explicativas (tamanho, sector, alavancagem e rendibilidade) aplicado às empresas do PSI-Geral, verifica-se que a dimensão da empresa não é relevante para a adopção do Justo Valor, as empresas do sector industrial, bem como empresas com maior endividamento são mais propensas ao uso do Justo Valor, e à medida que o ROE aumenta há tendência para as empresas optarem pelo Justo Valor.
The financial statements are increasingly taking a leading role in the process of making decision by enterprises. Historical cost and Fair Value appear as options to express the value of the companies. This work will address each of these forms of asset valuation, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Through a model with explanatory variables (size, sector, leverage and return-on-equity) applied to enterprises PSI-Geral, it appears that firm size is not relevant to the adoption of the Fair Value, the companies in the industrial sector as well as companies with higher debt are more likely to use the Fair Value, and as ROE increases there is a tendency for companies to opt for Fair Value.
Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais
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