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handle: 10400.5/4872
De forma a examinar, diagnosticar e tratar adequadamente qualquer animal selvagem, é necessário aplicar métodos apropriados de contenção. A contenção química tem vindo a substituir os vários métodos de contenção física, sendo eficaz, fácil de aplicar, e muitas vezes mais rápida e eficiente. Assim, a anestesia constitui uma ferramenta essencial no maneio de animais selvagens, usada principalmente com vista à sua captura/imobilização. Neste contexto, o objectivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de um conjunto de procedimentos anestésicos na imobilização de animais selvagens em cativeiro. Foram avaliadas as metodologias utilizadas em 34 animais mamíferos de 14 espécies diferentes, reunidos genericamente em dois grupos – Carnívoros (6 espécies) e Ungulados (8 espécies). Assim, dois animais foram imobilizados através de anestesia por inalação (com isoflurano), ao passo que para os restantes se recorreu à anestesia injectável, através de combinações anestésicas constituídas por dois ou mais fármacos (entre ciclohexaminas, opióides, agonistas α2-adrenérgicos e benzodiazepinas). Todos os carnívoros foram eficazmente imobilizados com os protocolos anestésicos seleccionados, mas, entre os ungulados, as combinações anestésicas usadas em algumas espécies revelaram-se inadequadas, designadamente em muflões africanos (Ammotragus lervia), guanacos (Lama guanicoe) e zebras da planície (Equus burchelli). Mesmo assim, não se observaram efeitos adversos graves decorrentes do procedimento anestésico (ou do processo de captura) em nenhum dos animais.
ABSTRACT - ANESTHESIA OF WILD ANIMALS IN CAPTIVITY – CARNIVORES AND UNGULATES - In order to adequately examine, diagnose and treat any wild animal, it’s imperative to apply suitable restraint methods. Chemical restraint has been replacing the several existing methods of physical restraint, as it is effective, easy to apply, and often faster and more efficient. Therefore, anesthesia stands as an essential tool in wild animal management, mainly used with capture/immobilization purposes. In this context, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a number of anesthetic procedures on the immobilization of wild animals in captivity. The methodologies used in 34 mammals belonging to 14 different species were evaluated. These animals were generically assembled in two groups – Carnivores (6 species) and Ungulates (8 species). Two animals were immobilized by inhalation anesthesia (with isoflurane), while the remaining were immobilized by injectable anesthesia, with anesthetic combinations of two or more drugs (amongst cyclohexamines, opioids, α2-adrenergic agonists and benzodiazepines). All of the carnivores were effectively immobilized with the selected anesthetic protocols, but the anesthetic combinations used in some ungulate species proved inadequate, particularly in aoudads (Ammotragus lervia), guanacos (Lama guanicoe) and plains zebras (Equus burchelli). Nevertheless, no animal suffered serious anesthesia-related (or capture-related) adverse effects.
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
ungulados, carnivores, anesthesia, imobilização, carnívoros, anestesia, mamíferos, animais selvagens, wild animals, immobilization, captura, mammals, ungulates, capture
ungulados, carnivores, anesthesia, imobilização, carnívoros, anestesia, mamíferos, animais selvagens, wild animals, immobilization, captura, mammals, ungulates, capture
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