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Master thesis . 2024
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Propagação vegetativa do diospiro: estacaria e cultura de tecidos in vitro

Authors: Quadrado, Mariana Lobo Borralho;

Propagação vegetativa do diospiro: estacaria e cultura de tecidos in vitro

Abstract

O diospireiro (Diospyros kaki L.) pertence à família Ebenaceae e é uma espécie originária da China. Existem dois tipos de diospiro – o diospiro mole com casca avermelhada, e o diospiro de roer com casca mais clara, ambos a serem recentemente mais procurados pelos consumidores. O diospireiro é de difícil propagação e os frutos das variedades cultivadas apresentam poucas sementes, sendo este fator bastante limitante dos níveis de disseminação e de produção desta cultura. Assim, e dado o contexto atual de maior procura, é necessário desenvolver métodos de propagação eficientes e alternativos à propagação seminal, de modo a aumentar a eficiência de propagação desta espécie. Neste seguimento surge o interesse de otimizar os métodos de propagação vegetativa. Neste estudo abordaram-se a propagação in vivo por estacas lenhosas e a propagação por cultura de tecidos in vitro num genótipo de diospiro mole, recorrendo a gomos dormentes. Nos ensaios de estacas testou-se o efeito do ácido 3-indolbutírico (IBA) como regulador de crescimento a 3000 e a 6000 mg/L para o enraizamento e diferentes tempos de imersão na solução de IBA (5 a 20 segundos). Nos ensaios de micropropagação, testaram-se vários protocolos de desinfeção e duas citocininas no meio de instalação e multiplicação, a benziladenina e a zeatina. Testou-se também o efeito do IBA como indutor do enraizamento in vitro. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios de estacas revelaram que o protocolo testado não foi eficaz, não se tendo conseguido qualquer estaca enraizada. Os ensaios de micropropagação apontaram para que a desinfeção com NaDCC, mancozebe e Tween 20 foi mais eficaz, permitindo percentagens de gomos sem contaminações superiores a 60%, e que o meio com zeatina foi mais eficaz no crescimento e multiplicação dos gomos e rebentos instalados, permitindo uma taxa de multiplicação de 80-100% em cerca de 45-60 dias.

Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) belongs to the Ebenaceae family and it comes originally from China. There are two types of persimmon – soft persimmon with reddish skin, and gnawing persimmon with lighter skin, recently both of them are more and more requested by consumers. Persimmon is difficult to propagate and the fruits of the most important cultivars have few seeds, which is a strong limiting factor towards the increase of the production levels of this crop. In frame with the current context of greater demand, it is necessary to develop efficient and alternative propagation methods to seed propagation, in order to increase the propagation efficiency of this crop. Thus, there is a strong interest in optimizing the methods of vegetative propagation. This study addressed in vivo propagation by hardwood cuttings and in vitro tissue culture propagation in a soft persimmon genotype, using dormant buds. In the cuttings’ assays, the effect of indolbutyric acid (IBA) as a growth regulator for rooting was tested at 3000 and 6000 mg/L with different immersion times in the IBA solution (5 to 20 seconds). In the micropropagation assays several disinfection protocols were tested, as well as two cytokinins in the installation and multiplication medium, benzyladenine and zeatin. The effect of IBA as an inducer of in vitro rooting was also tested. The results obtained in the experiments of cuttings revealed that the tested protocol was not effective as rooting did not occur in the cuttings. Micropropagation tests showed that disinfection with NaDCC, mancozeb and Tween20 was more effective, allowing percentages of buds without contamination higher than 60%, and that the culture medium with zeatin was more effective in the growth and multiplication of buds and installed shoots, allowing a multiplication rate of 80-100% in about 45-60 days.

Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia

N/A

Country
Portugal
Keywords

propagação por estaca, Diospyros kaki L., micropropagation, zeatina, cuttings, micropropagação, IBA, zeatin

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green