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handle: 10400.5/29934
The production of vine tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in a protected cultivation in the western region of Portugal is a reference in the horticultural sector and represents a relevant socioeconomic development factor in the western region. In this trial, we studied the growth rate and nutrient export of cultivar Bigram grafted on differents rootstock, ‘Multifort’ and ‘Emperador’, with two stems per plant in a soilless cultivation system in expanded polystyrene pots and the substrate was coir. The plants grafted on ‘Multifort’ were more vegetative and grafted on ‘Emperador’ more generative. The yield of this cycle between febraury and july was 14,02 kg.m-2 on ‘Emperador’ and 13,56 kg.m-2 on ‘Multifort’ with 8 clusters. The export of the 16 essential mineral nutrients was higher in tomato ‘Bigram’ grafted on ‘Multifort’, due to the higher rate of evapotranspiration and uptake minerals in the total dry matter of the plant. In tomato 'Bigram' grafted on 'Multifort', calcium was the most exported nutrient, 14.99 g.plant-1, followed by potassium, 12.60 g.plant-1 and nitrogen, 10.65 g.plant-1. In tomato 'Bigram' grafted on 'Emperador', the potassium was the most exported nutrient, 13.54 g.plant-1, followed by calcium, 11.90 g.plant-1 and nitrogen 10.42 g.plant-1. The nutrients use effiency was remarkably low in the soilless open circulation system, ranging between 8,6% for calcium and 2.5% for sulfur in macronutrientes and in micronutrientes ranged between 21,2% for iron to 1.8% for molybdenum.
A produção de tomate cacho em cultura protegida na região Oeste de Portugal é uma referência no setor hortícola. Neste trabalho foram avaliados o crescimento e a exportação de nutrientes no tomate ‘Bigram’ enxertado, a duas hastes, em duas cultivares de porta-enxertos, ‘Multifort’ e ‘Emperador’, num sistema de cultivo sem solo em vasos de poliestireno expandido e substrato fibra de coco. As plantas enxertadas em ‘Multifort’ expressaram um desenvolvimento mais vegetativo e as enxertadas em ‘Emperador’ revelaram-se mais generativas. A produção média, no ciclo cultural entre fevereiro e julho, foi de 14,02 kg.m-2 em ‘Emperador’ e 13,56 kg.m-2 em ‘Multifort’ com 8 cachos. A exportação dos 16 nutrientes minerais essenciais foi superior no tomate ‘Bigram’ enxertado em ‘Multifort’, devido à maior taxa de evapotranspiração e acumulação de minerais na matéria seca total da planta. No tomate ‘Bigram’ enxertado em ‘Multifort’, o cálcio foi o nutriente mais exportado, 14,99 g.planta-1, seguindo-se o potássio, 12,60 g.planta-1 e o azoto, 10,65 g.planta-1. No tomate ‘Bigram’ enxertado em ‘Emperador’, o potássio foi nutriente mais exportado, 13,54 g.planta-1, seguindo-se o cálcio, 11,90 g.planta-1 e o azoto 10,42 g.planta-1. A eficiência do uso dos nutrientes fornecidos no sistema de cultura sem solo aberto foi muito reduzida, variando entre 8,6% para o cálcio e 2,5% para o enxofre nos macronutrientes e nos micronutrientes, variou entre 21,2% para o ferro e 1,8% para o molibdénio.
Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia
N/A
horticultura, nutrition, cultura protegida, protected crop, enxertia, horticulture, Solanum lycopersicum L., grafting, nutrição
horticultura, nutrition, cultura protegida, protected crop, enxertia, horticulture, Solanum lycopersicum L., grafting, nutrição
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