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Master thesis . 2023
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Fungal associates of Xylosandrus germanus and other Scolytinae in Switzerland

Authors: Correia, José Pedro Ribeiro;

Fungal associates of Xylosandrus germanus and other Scolytinae in Switzerland

Abstract

Muitos escolitídeos estão associados a um conjunto de fungos e outros microrganismos que são simbióticos ou coincidentes. Alguns destes podem ser patogénicos para as plantas que consequentemente causam doenças nas árvores afectadas. Esta questão não tem sido muito estudada na Suíça. Neste estudo, estamos a investigar, a eficiência de armadilhas, a fenologia e quais os fungos e outros organismos presentes externa e internamente no não nativo Xylosandrus germanus e em vários escolitídeos nativos, juntamente com uma nova espécie descoberta em território suíço. Recolhi escolitídeos em três regiões diferentes da Suíça, a norte dos Alpes, nos Alpes centrais e a sul dos Alpes, utilizando armadilhas de intercepção de voo com etanol, secções de troncos com etanol e recolha a partir de madeira naturalmente infestada. Para determinar que microrganismos estão associados às várias espécies de escaravelhos, os escaravelhos foram deixados a caminhar sobre meios de ágar selectivos e prensados em ágar. Os meus resultados mostram que mais espécies não nativas estão a ser introduzidas na Suíça. Anisandrus maiche, é pela primeira vez encontrada em território suíço. Esta espécie de Scolytinae foi uma das mais comnuns observada, juntamente com outra espécie não nativa invasora, Xylosandrus germanus e a espécie nativa Xyleborinus saxesenii. A presença de escaravelhos ambrosiófagos não nativos que são muito abundantes ou mesmo mais abundantes do que espécies nativas ambrósiofagas mostra possuírem um potencial de invasão considerável. Este padrão não foi observado nos escolitídeos subcorticais, sendo todos estes espécies nativas. Além disso, o meu estudo mostrou (pela primeira vez na Suíça) que espécies de fungos estão associados aos ambrosiófagos mais comuns e a algumas espécies de subcorticais que consegui recolher.

Many ambrosia beetles and bark beetles are known to be associated with a suite of fungi and other microorganisms that are symbiotic or coincidental. Some of these may be plant pathogens that could cause diseases in affected trees. This issue has not been studied much in Switzerland. In this study, we are investigating, trap and lure efficiency, phenology and which fungi and other organisms are present externally and internally on the non-native Xylosandrus germanus and several native Scolytinae, alongside a new discovered specie in Swiss territory. I collected Scolytinae in three different regions in Switzerland, north of the Alps, in the central Alps and south of the Alps, using flight interception traps baited with ethanol, log sections baited with ethanol and collecting from naturally infested wood. To determine which microorganisms are associated with the various beetle species, beetles were allowed to walk over selective agar media, pressed into agar and plated out on agar after maceration. My results show that more non-native species are being introduced into Switzerland. Anisandrus maiche, is here reported for the first time on Swiss territory. This new species was one of the most common Scolytinae along with another non-native invasive species, Xylosandrus germanus and the native Xyleborinus saxesenii. The two non-native ambrosia beetles were very abundant, frequently more abundant than native ambrosia beetle, showing its considerable invasion potential. This pattern was not observed in bark beetles, all of these were native species. Furthermore, my study showed which species of ambrosia fungi and other fungi are associated with the most common ambrosia beetles for Switzerland territory and with some bark beetle species collected.

Mestrado em Gestão e Conservação de Recursos Naturais. Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de Évora

N/A

Country
Portugal
Keywords

insetos florestais, forest insects, Escolitídeos, pathogen vectors, tree pathogens, bark beetles, simbiose inseto-fungo, Ambrosia beetles, vetores patogénicos, fungos patogénicos, insect-fungus associations

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selected citations
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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