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Master thesis . 2023
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Optimal surplus reinsurance

Authors: Guedes, Simão Pedro Gomes;

Optimal surplus reinsurance

Abstract

Neste trabalho, procura-se optimizar o resseguro de surplus, que é um tipo de resseguro proporcional em que as proporções variam com o capital seguro, com base numa linha de retenção e num limite à apólice de resseguro. A optimização é efectuada numa carteira baseada em apólices reais de seguro de incêndio. Realiza-se esta optimização com recurso a três diferentes critérios de optimalidade, baseados na utilidade esperada, no desvio-padrão e no Value-at-Risk da riqueza da seguradora. Quando nos foi possível, obtivemos expressões que podem ser resolvidas para encontrar o contrato de resseguro óptimo. Contudo, a dificuldade de as resolver analiticamente leva-nos a optimizá-las numericamente. Sempre que não conseguimos obter tais expressões, recorremos a simulações para encontrar o contrato de resseguro óptimo. Tais optimizações são efectuadas sob diferentes comissões de resseguro e diferentes princípios de prémio para as apólices primárias. Os nossos resultados sugerem pelo menos quatro conclusões possíveis. Em primeiro lugar, nenhum dos três critérios de optimalidade empregues é claramente melhor do que os outros, embora o da utilidade esperada tenha tendência para produzir resultados mais avessos ao risco. Em segundo lugar, o uso do desvio-padrão como princípio do prémio para as apólices primárias costuma apresentar resultados melhores — com maiores valores esperados por comparação com os desvios-padrão, bem como Values-at-Risk mais favoráveis — do que os princípios do valor esperado e da variância. Em terceiro lugar, os nossos resultados salientam a importância de que a comissão de resseguro cubra razoavelmente as despesas da seguradora, a fim de gerar resultados admissíveis. Finalmente e talvez mais interessante, concluímos que o contrato de resseguro de surplus óptimo terá, pelo menos bastante frequentemente, um limite à apólice de resseguro suficientemente baixo para que não cubra totalmente os riscos mais elevados.

In this work, we seek to optimise surplus reinsurance, which is a type of proportional reinsurance where proportions vary with the sum insured, based on a retention line and on a reinsurance policy limit. Optimisation is done on a portfolio which is based on reallife fire insurance policies. We perform this optimisation by resorting to three different optimality criteria, which are based on the expected utility, the standard deviation and the Value-at-Risk of the insurer’s wealth. Where we found it to be possible, expressions were derived which can be solved to find the optimal reinsurance contract. However, the difficulty in solving them analytically leads us to optimise them numerically. Where we could not derive such expressions, we resorted to simulations in order to find the optimal reinsurance contract. Such optimisations are carried out under different reinsurance commissions and different premium principles for the primary policies. Our findings suggest at least four possible conclusions. Firstly, none of the three optimality criteria used is clearly better than the other ones, although the expected utility criterion tends to yield more risk-averse results. Secondly, usage of the standard deviation as the primary premium principle generally provides better results — with higher expected values by comparison to the standard deviations, as well as more favourable Values-at-Risk — than the expected value and the variance principles. Thirdly, our results highlight the importance that the reinsurance commission provide a reasonable cover for the expenses of the insurer, in order to produce acceptable outcomes. Lastly and perhaps more interestingly, we conclude that the optimal surplus reinsurance contract will, at least quite frequently, feature a reinsurance policy limit low enough to not fully cover the highest risks.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Mestrado Bolonha em Actuarial Science

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Optimal reinsurance, Numerical optimisation, Resseguro proporcional, Proportional reinsurance, Surplus reinsurance, Reinsurance, Resseguro óptimo, Optimização numérica, Resseguro de surplus, Simulação, Resseguro, Simulation

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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