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Bacteriologia ocular em canídeos: estudo retrospectivo 2002-2010

Authors: Subtil, Sandra Daniela de Oliveira;

Bacteriologia ocular em canídeos: estudo retrospectivo 2002-2010

Abstract

O objectivo deste estudo foi avaliar a microbiota ocular presente em cães com sinais de doença ocular externa, bem como o seu padrão de susceptibilidade a agentes antimicrobianos. Os isolados bacterianos, num total de 91, foram obtidos a partir de zaragatoas oculares colhidas de 76 canídeos com sinais de doença ocular externa. As amostras foram obtidas entre Janeiro de 2002 e Março de 2010, sendo processadas no Laboratório de Bacteriologia da FMV/UTL. Os testes de susceptibilidade a agentes antimicrobianos foram realizados pelo método de difusão em disco (NCCLS, 2002; CLSI, 2008). As bactérias isoladas foram sobretudo Gram-positivas (76,9%), o género predominante foi Staphylococcus sp. (45%) e as espécies mais frequentes foram Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius e Streptococcus canis, numa percentagem equitativa de 13,2%. Das bactérias Gram-negativas o género mais frequentemente isolado foi Pseudomonas sp. (9,9%) e, dentro deste, a espécie Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,6%). Foi observada resistência a pelo menos um fármaco em 93,5% dos antibiogramas. Todos os staphylococci coagulase positivos testados exibiram resistências aos princípios activos amicacina, ácido nalidíxico, ciprofloxacina e ofloxacina. Todos os staphylococci coagulase negativos evidenciaram resistência à associação amoxicilina/ácido clavulânico. Todos os isolados do género Streptococcus sp. demonstraram resistência ao ácido fusídico, ácido nalidíxico, estreptomicina, neomicina e tetraciclina. O género Pasteurella sp. (4,4%) apresentou resistências à ciprofloxacina, piperacilina, gentamicina e tobramicina. Oito fármacos (32%) revelaram-se ineficazes contra o género Pseudomonas sp., tendo este apresentado total susceptibilidade à ciprofloxina e à piperacilina. O estudo mostrou que os microrganismos mais prevalentes em doenças oculares externas de canídeos na população em estudo foram staphylococci, streptococci, Pseudomonas sp. e Pasteurella sp.. Os perfis de susceptibilidade dos isolados mostram elevadas taxas de resistência face a alguns dos princípios activos utilizados em terapêutica. A identificação de multirresistências vem reforçar a importância do uso racional dos antimicrobianos e a utilidade da realização de culturas microbianas e testes de susceptibilidade a agentes antimicrobianos, de forma a escolher a terapêutica mais apropriada.

ABSTRACT - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ocular flora and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolated bacteria from naturally occurring canine external ocular diseases. A total of 91 samples from 76 dogs with external ocular diseases were obtained and sent to the Bacteriology Laboratory from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Lisbon. The samples were collected with sterile cotton swabs passed along the surface of the lower conjunctival sac or along the cornea. The susceptibility to antimicrobials was tested by the agar disc diffusion method, such as recommended by the NCCLS, 2002 and CLSI, 2008. The isolated bacteria were mainly Gram-positive (76,9%), the genus most common was Staphylococcus sp. (45%) and the species most frequent were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Streptococcus canis, in an equivalent percentage of 13,2%. From the Gram-negative isolated bacteria, the most frequent genus was Pseudomonas sp. (9,9%) and, within this, the specie Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6,6%). Resistance to at least one drug was observed in 93,5% of the antibiograms. All staphylococci coagulase positive tested revealed resistance to amicacin, nalidixic acid ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. All staphylococci coagulase negative demonstrated resistance to the association amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. All streptococci tested were resistant to fusidic acid, nalidixic acid, streptomicin, neomycin and tetraciclin. Pasteurella sp. (4,4%) showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, piperacilin, gentamicin and tobramicina. Eigth drugs (32%) were ineffective toward Pseudomonas sp., having this genus revealed total susceptibility to ciprofloxin and piperacilin. This study highlights the most prevalent microorganisms occurring in ocular external diseases of dogs from the population studied (staphylococci, streptococci, Pseudomonas sp. and Pasteurella sp.). The identification of multiresistant strains against some of the antibiotics used in therapeutics emphasizes the need for a correct use of the antibiotics and the importance of bacterial culture and susceptibility testing in order to choose the appropriate therapy.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária

Country
Portugal
Related Organizations
Keywords

Ocular external diseases, Cão, Bacteria, Antimicrobials, Conjuntival cul-de-sac, Antimicrobial resistance, Saco conjuntival, Bactérias, Doenças oculares externas, Resistência aos antimicrobianos, Dog, Antimicrobianos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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Green