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Master thesis . 2022
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Eliminação de resíduos de embalagem

Authors: Sotto-Mayor, Jaime Artur Fonseca de;

Eliminação de resíduos de embalagem

Abstract

Os Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos são uma grave preocupação ambiental nos países da OCDE, dada a multiplicação por 8 do fluxo dos Resíduos de Embalagem nos últimos trinta anos. Os Sistemas Integrados de Gestão são uma solução sustentável mas o estado actual do conhecimento sobre a sustentabilidade económica e ambiental dos agentes privados é incipiente. Em bases puramente económicas, existe um grande potencial para a aplicação de políticas apoiadas em Instrumentos Económicos. Contudo, a sua aplicação enfrenta diversas dificuldades, nomeadamente, a impossibilidade de medir os danos ambientais e de calcular os verdadeiros custos sociais. Para combater o aumento dos resíduos de Embalagem, diversos países têm feito uso de soluções políticas baseadas na aplicação conjunta da regulamentação e de aproximações aos impostos pigouvianos. Efectuou-se uma recensão destas soluções, bem como do sistema de responsabilização dos produtores e, com base nas conclusões alcançadas, teceram-se breves comentários à recente legislação nacional sobre os resíduos de embalagem.

Municipal Solid Wastes are a major environmental concern in OECD countries, as the Package Waste stream increased almost 8-fold in the past thirty years. Integrated management systems have been proposed as a sustained solution but the present state of knowledge on environmental and private economic aspects is incipient. On economic grounds there is a large span for implementing policies based on Economic Instruments. However their application faces several difficulties, namely, the inability to measure the environmental damages and to evaluate the true social costs. As a solution, several countries have relied on a mix regulation and proxies to pigouvian taxes to tackle the growing increase in Package Waste. A survey is made on these solutions and on the Producer Responsibility system. Based on the drawn conclusions some comments are made relative to the new Portuguese Package Waste regulations.

Mestrado em Economia e Política da Energia e do Ambiente

N/A

Country
Portugal
Keywords

economic instruments, instrumentos económicos, package waste, externalidades ambientais, responsabilização dos produtores, policy instruments, producer responsibility, instrumentos incitativos, municipal solid waste, resíduos sólidos urbanos, resíduos de embalagem, environmental externalities

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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