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handle: 10400.5/24210
Le present ouvrage fait le point des connaissances sur Ia portée et l'efficaclté des polltiques macroeconomiques (politiques de regulation a Ia fois de I' offre et de Ia demande) au regard du niveau et de Ia composition de I' epargne interieure globale (ménages, societés et adminlstracions publiques) dans les pays en developpement. II étudie essentiellement Ia mesure dans laquelle ces politiques contribuent ou font obstacle à Ia mobilisation et à l'affectation optimales de l'épargne volontaire et contractuelle. II analyse: l'incidence des polltiques budgétaires (équlllbre budgétalre, imposition, incitations fiscales); les réformes fiscales et l'épargne: l'interaction entre épargne publique et épargne prive: Ia "répression" financière et le financement par l'inflation en tant que facteurs contribuant au foible niveau de l'épargne intérieure: les conséquences de Ia liberalisation financière sur l'épargne et l'investissement; les liens entre financement formal et financement lnformel; le role régulateur de banques centrales, agent de prudence et de développement; les politiques de taux de change et de financement extérieur et leur incidence sur Ia fuite des capitaux et les apports de ressources extérieurs. S'appuyant sur l'analyse et les elements d'information disponibles, l' auteur du document formula, sur les plans politiques et institutionnel, des conclusions pouvant faciliter l'adaptation des instruments aux objectifs et presente aussi de grandes orientations pour I' approfondissement des recherches sur Ia situation de I' épargne dans les pays en developpement afin d'étoffer et d'améliorer Ia base de données necessaire à Ia formulation des politiques nationales d'épargne.
Este documento faz o ponto da situação dos conhecimentos sabre o âmbito e eficácia das politicas macroeconómicas (politica de regulação quer do oferta quer da procure) em relação ao nível e composição da poupança interna global (famílias, empresas e administração pública) nos países em desenvolvimento. Ele estuda principalmente a medida em que as políticas macroeconómicas ajudam ou dificultam a mobilização e a afectação óptimas da poupança voluntaria e contratual. o texto analisa: o impacto das políticas orçamentais (equilíbrio orçamental, impostos e incentivos fiscais): reformas fiscais e poupança; a interacção entre poupança Pública e poupanças dos particulares: a "repressão" financeira e o financiamento pela inflação como factores que contribuem para o fraco nível de poupança interna; as consequências da liberalização financeira relatlvamente à poupança e ao investimento: as relações entre flnanclamento formal e informal: o papel regulador dos Bancos Centrais, agente de prudência e de desenvolvimento: as politicas cambiais e de financiamento externo e sua influência no fuga de capitais e nas receitas em recursos externos. Apoiando-se no análise e nos elementos de informação disponíveis, o autor do documento formula conclusões, no plano político e institucional, conclusões que podem facilitar a adaptação dos instrumentos aos objectivos e apresenta também grande orientação para o aumento da investigação sobre a situação da poupança interna nos países em desenvolvimento a fim de alargar e melhorar a base de dados necessária à formulação das politicas nacionais de poupança.
This paper is a state-of-the-art report on the scope and efficacy of macroeconomic policies, both demand-management and supply-side, in relation to the level and composition of aggregate domestic savings (household, corporate, and government) performance in developping countries. Its central focus is on the extent to which macroeconomic policies help or hinder the optimal mobilisation and allocation of voluntary and contractual savings. It analyses: the impact of fiscal policies [fiscal balance, taxation, tax Incentives); fiscal reforms and savings; and the Interaction between Government and private savings; the financial repression and Inflationary finance as contributory factors to low domestic savings: Implications of financial liberalisation for savings and Investment; the linkages between formal and Informal finance: the regulatory, prudential, and development role of central banks; exchange rate and external finance policies and their bearing on capital flight and inflows of external resources. In the light of the analysis and evidence the paper draws the relevant policy and institutional inferences for the matching of Instruments and targets and also presents an agenda for further research on the domestic savings performance of developing countries to extend and improve the data base for domestic savings policies.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Politicas orçamentais, Économie du développement, Financiamento, Inflação, Reforms fiscales, Reformas fiscais, Economia do desenvolvimento, Budget Policies, Inflation, Development Economics, Fiscal Reforms, Politiques budgétaires, Financement, Financing
Politicas orçamentais, Économie du développement, Financiamento, Inflação, Reforms fiscales, Reformas fiscais, Economia do desenvolvimento, Budget Policies, Inflation, Development Economics, Fiscal Reforms, Politiques budgétaires, Financement, Financing
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