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Master thesis . 2022
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Factores explicativos da mortalidade infantil (neonatal) no Uganda

Authors: Pacheco, Matilde Isabel Ferraz;

Factores explicativos da mortalidade infantil (neonatal) no Uganda

Abstract

Atualmente estamos a viver os melhores e os piores tempos. Houve um progresso global em direção à melhoria dos resultados neonatais. No entanto, assistimos a um abrandamento e, é possível verificar disparidades significativas entre continentes, países e até a nível subnacional. Além disso, assistimos a um momento de reestruturação dos sistemas de saúde devido aos choques externos causados pelas mudanças climáticas, as migrações e alteração nos padrões das doenças infeciosas. Por este motivo, ambicionamos alertar para a tendência da mortalidade neonatal nos países em desenvolvimento e ainda refletir sobre importância do cumprimento dos Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Organização das Nações Unidas. O objetivo global deste estudo passa por identificar fatores associados à mortalidade neonatal no Uganda entre 2011 e 2016. Em primeiro lugar, iremos proceder à identificação e enquadramento da mortalidade neonatal e de um conjunto de outros fatores que estão associados a esta (fatores socioeconómicos, caraterísticas maternas e caraterísticas do recém-nascido e do parto). Seguidamente iremos utilizar o modelo conceptual dos Três Atrasos para explicar a mortalidade neonatal. Os dados para este estudo foram retirados do Uganda Demographic Health Survey 2016. Foram construídas regressões logísticas para os três atrasos e para as caraterísticas do recém-nascido e do parto. Uma vez identificadas as variáveis estatisticamente significativas, foi desenvolvida uma regressão logística final com as mesmas. Os nossos resultados mostram que os fatores de risco mais relevantes associados à mortalidade neonatal são a idade da mãe, o número total de filhos, o método canguru e ainda a vacinação contra o tétano durante a gravidez. Ambicionamos que o presente estudo contribua para o alargamento do conhecimento da morte neonatal no Uganda, assim como alertar para a importância de colocar estes fatores explicativos no centro da agenda política do país de forma a concertar um desenvolvimento sustentável e substancial.

Nowadays we are experiencing the best and the worst of times. There has been global progress towards the improvement of neonatal outcomes. However, we are seeing a slowdown and large disparities across countries and within countries. In addition, we are witnessing a restructuring of health systems due to external shocks caused by climate change, migration, and changing infectious disease patterns. For this reason, we aim to study and provide evidence to the trend in neonatal mortality in developing and low-income countries. We also aim to consider the importance of meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals to obtain better neonatal outcomes. The overall objective of this study is to identify factors associated with neonatal mortality in Uganda between 2011 and 2016. We begin by describing neonatal mortality and a identify the factors associated with this mortality (socioeconomic factors, maternal characteristics and characteristics of the newborn and delivery). Then we set out the Three Delays conceptual model to explain neonatal mortality. We use data collected by World Bank in Uganda Demographic Health Survey 2016. We estimate logistic regressions to find the most relevant factors associated with neonatal mortality. We use an algorithm to select these most relevant factors to estimate a final logistic regression. Our results show that the most relevant risk factors associated with neonatal mortality are the mother's age, total number of children, kangaroo method, and tetanus vaccination during pregnancy. We expect that this study will contribute to a broader understanding of neonatal death in Uganda, as well as to highlight to policy makers the importance of some factors related with neonatal mortality. The intervention on these factors may contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals.

Mestrado Bolonha em Economia e Políticas Públicas

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Country
Portugal
Keywords

África, Recém-nascidos, Sistema de saúde, Health system, Uganda, Mortalidade neonatal, Neonatal mortality, Newborns

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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