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Master thesis . 2022
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O impacto do declínio demográfico na tendência para a estagnação económica : o caso da zona euro e do Japão

Authors: Guerreiro, Marcelo Jorge da Silva;

O impacto do declínio demográfico na tendência para a estagnação económica : o caso da zona euro e do Japão

Abstract

No passado, as altas taxas de crescimento que se registaram deveram-se, em parte, ao acelerado crescimento populacional. Hoje, o crescimento populacional nos países desenvolvidos é marcado pela queda e envelhecimento da população. A realidade económica, segundo diversos autores, é caraterizada por uma escassez de procura e desequilíbrio entre poupança e investimento, sintomas de um cenário mais grave: secular stagnation. A presente dissertação procura analisar o impacto do declínio demográfico na tendência para a estagnação económica, particularmente, na Zona Euro e Japão. Após um capítulo introdutório em que é estabelecido o enquadramento teórico deste estudo, são explorados os canais através dos quais a demografia pode criar tendência para a secular stagnation. No capítulo seguinte, são abordadas soluções políticas que deem resposta aos desafios impostos pela demografia. No último capítulo, é feita uma análise empírica à evolução demográfica e económica na Zona Euro e Japão. As conclusões apontam para um impacto significativo do declínio demográfico como causa da estagnação económica e para um importante papel das reformas estruturais na contenção dos seus efeitos. Os indicadores demográficos e económicos evidenciam sinais de declínio demográfico e secular stagnation na Zona Euro e Japão.

In the past, the high growth rates that have been experienced were due in part to accelerated population growth. Today, population growth in developed countries is characterized by population decline and aging. The economic reality, according to several authors, is characterized by a shortage of demand and an imbalance between savings and investment, symptoms of a more serious scenario: secular stagnation. This dissertation aims to analyze the impact of demographic decline on the tendency towards economic stagnation, particularly in the Eurozone and Japan. After an introductory chapter establishing the theoretical framework for this study, the channels through which demographics can create a tendency for secular stagnation are explored. In the next chapter, policy solutions that address the challenges posed by demography are addressed. In the last chapter, an empirical analysis is made of demographic and economic developments in the Eurozone and Japan. The conclusions show a significant impact of demographic decline as a cause of economic stagnation and an important role for structural reforms in containing its effects. Demographic and economic indicators show signs of demographic decline and secular stagnation in the Eurozone and Japan.

Mestrado Bolonha em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Zona Euro, Aging, Japão, Japan, Envelhecimento, Secular stagnation, Declínio demográfico, Economic stagnation, Estagnação económica, Eurozone, Demografia, Demographic decline, Demography

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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