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handle: 10400.5/22823
Esta dissertação analisa o papel que a União Europeia (UE) deve ocupar no contexto da multipolaridade mundial. Não obstante o contexto adverso, procura analisar-se se a União Europeia conseguirá projetar os seus standards e valores fundamentais, de modo a ocupar uma posição cimeira em matéria de influência internacional. Este trabalho discute e compara os meios ao dispor da UE para exercer influência regulatória e projetar preferências sociais noutras zonas geográficas de influência. Pode fazê-lo através de mecanismos de mercado - "efeito Bruxelas" -, de acordos bilaterais e de jurisprudência emanada do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia (TJUE). Existe consenso quanto à importância do “efeito Bruxelas” e da jurisprudência do TJUE na influência da União a nível global. Contudo, no tocante aos Acordos bilaterais coexistem opiniões discordantes. A análise pormenorizada, comparativa e crítica efetuada acerca do conteúdo do Acordo Global de Investimento UE-China, permite identificar e compreender em que questões a UE, ao utilizar Acordos bilaterais, consegue afirmar-se enquanto líder global. Conclui-se que a UE consegue “exportar” muito da sua regulamentação interna através do “efeito Bruxelas”, mas apenas algumas preferências sociais por meio dos acordos bilaterais.
This dissertation focuses on both global multi-polarity and the role the European Union (EU) should play in it, despite adverse conditions. To what extent does the EU succeed in exporting its standards and core values, in order to achieve an upper position in the international sphere of influence. This research paper analyses and compares available tools the EU may use to exercise regulatory influence and project social preferences: market mechanisms (i.e., the “Brussels effect”), bilateral agreements and the European jurisprudence from the Court of Justice. The relevance of both the “Brussels effect” and the jurisprudence of the European Union Court on EU influence at a global level are consensual. However, regarding bilateral agreements, dissenting opinions coexist. A detailed, comparative and critical analysis of the EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment is performed at several levels, aiming to identify and understand in which matters the European Union can assert itself as a world leader through bilateral agreements. It is concluded that the European Union manages to “export” much of its regulation through the “Brussels effect”, but only a few social preferences through its bilateral agreements.
Mestrado Bolonha em Economia Internacional e Estudos Europeus
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, “Brussels effect”, “Efeito Bruxelas”, valores fundamentais, core values, Acordos bilaterais, Acordo Global de Investimento UE-China, EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment, União Europeia, bilateral agreements, standards, European Union, Court of Justice of the European Union
Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, “Brussels effect”, “Efeito Bruxelas”, valores fundamentais, core values, Acordos bilaterais, Acordo Global de Investimento UE-China, EU-China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment, União Europeia, bilateral agreements, standards, European Union, Court of Justice of the European Union
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