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UTL Repository
Master thesis . 2021
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Impacto do justo valor na avaliação de uma carteira de pensões

Authors: Oliveira, Carmen Pereira;

Impacto do justo valor na avaliação de uma carteira de pensões

Abstract

A globalização dos mercados conduziu à necessidade urgente de uniformizar as demonstrações financeiras das empresas em geral, começando pelas empresas multinacionais. A comparação dos resultados financeiros das empresas só é possível mediante demonstrações financeiras que obedeçam a normativos contabilísticos semelhantes. Esta comparação torna-se decisiva para o melhor desempenho, quer das empresas de supervisão, quer das empresas de rating, enquanto entidades que têm como papel a avaliação empresarial. No caso da indústria seguradora, tem-se verificado nos últimos anos uma onda de concentração do sector provocada quer pelas fusões e aquisições com a banca, quer pelas fusões e aquisições dentro do sector. Para a avaliação de valor destas empresas, seja ela de forma isolada ou integrada em grupos financeiros, torna-se imprescindível mensurar de forma realista os seus activos e as suas responsabilidades. Este novo sistema contabilístico irá minimizar as volatilidades a que têm estado sujeitas as provisões técnicas. Nesse sentido, o IASB (International Accounting Standards Board) está a desenvolver um normativo para a informação financeira dos contratos que sejam por eles classificados de contratos de seguros. O conceito básico deste normativo é o "fair value" quer de activos quer de responsabilidades. Os activos de uma seguradora em geral são instrumentos financeiros facilmente mensuráveis, uma vez que na maior parte dos casos são valores conhecidos do mercado. Pelo contrário, no que se refere aos passivos, há que criar modelos específicos, sendo a taxa de desconto determinante. Será este o conceito a explorar neste trabalho, através do qual se desenvolveu um modelo para avaliar as responsabilidades numa carteira de seguros de pensões.

Markets globalization has led to an urgent need to standardize financial reports from companies in general, starting with multinational companies. If financial results from different companies are to be compared, their reports must comply with similar accounting standards. This comparison is crucial for a better performance both from supervising companies and from rating companies in their company assessment role. As far as the insurance business is concerned, there has been a recent concentration phenomenon caused by mergers and acquisitions of banks and insurance related companies. In order to assess the value of such companies, either on their own or within the financial group they are integrated in, their assets and liabilities need to be realistically appraised. In the case of liabilities, standard accounting will minimize the volatilities that the technical provisions have been subject to. Hence, the IASB (International Accounting Standards Board) is setting a standard for financial reports, to be applied only to what they consider insurance contracts. The basic concept of this standard is the fair value of both assets and liabilities. Usually, assets of an insurance business are easily measurable financial instruments, as they have a market value. With regard to liabilities, however, models need to be created, and the discount rate is crucial. This is the concept to be developed in the present paper, where a specific model has been created to assess the liabilities in a pension portfolio.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Mestrado em Gestão/MBA

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Financial Report, Valor de uma Seguradora, Demonstrações Financeiras, Fair Value of Liabilities, Deterministic Models, Stochastic Models, Modelos Determinísticos, Modelos Estocásticos, Valor Actual dos Cash Flows, Fair value das Responsabilidades, Present Value of Future Cash Flows, Insurance Value

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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