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UTL Repository
Master thesis . 2019
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A pobreza Infantil e os direitos humanos

Authors: Fernandes, Rita Maria Sousa;

A pobreza Infantil e os direitos humanos

Abstract

O objectivo desta dissertação é construir um conceito de pobreza infantil na perspectiva dos direitos humanos das crianças, a partir do qual se possa contribuir para a reflexão teórica em termos de conceptualização e medição do fenómeno. Nesta dissertação, a pobreza infantil é entendida como a negação dos direitos humanos fundamentais das crianças, resultante da escassez ou ausência de recursos económicos, materiais e imateriais. A pobreza infantil é encarada como um estado de privação em termos de bem-estar definido em função desses direitos humanos. O ponto de partida desta investigação consistiu na formulação de três questões essenciais para o estudo do fenómeno: 1) Quais são as especificidades da criança e da infância que justificam o estudo da pobreza infantil de forma autónoma ao da pobreza em geral? 2) Qual o conceito de pobreza infantil? 3) Quais os indicadores mais relevantes para medir a pobreza infantil de acordo com o conceito definido? Na primeira parte desta dissertação, apresentam-se algumas das principais abordagens sobre a criança e a infância, essenciais para compreender a análise sobre a pobreza infantil. Esta opção alerta para a necessidade de desenvolver abordagens mais amplas do fenómeno, onde a escassez de rendimento é apenas um dos aspectos relevantes. Na segunda parte, constrói-se o conceito de pobreza infantil na perspectiva dos direitos humanos das crianças. A Convenção sobre os Direitos da Criança das Nações Unidas faculta o quadro legal necessário para a abordagem multidimensional do fenómeno. A avaliação da situação de pobreza infantil, enquanto estado de privação, pressupõe a observação directa do bem-estar das crianças, no sentido de identificar as que estão abaixo de um padrão de bem-estar mínimo socialmente aceite. Assim, na terceira e, última parte, apresenta-se um conjunto de indicadores específicos com vista à aferição directa das situações de privação existentes.

The purpose of this dissertation is to elaborate a concept of child poverty based on the human rights of children. The main goal is to contributo to the theoretical thinking of the conceptualisation and measurement of the phenomenon. In the following dissertation, the concept of child poverty refers to the denial of children s fundamental human rights, resulting from lack of access to economic, material and non- material resources. Child poverty is understood as a situation of deprivation from a standard well-being, which is determined according to those human rights. Three questions essential to the study of the phenomenon frame the starting point of this research: 1) which are the specificities of the child and their childhood justifying an approach to child poverty different and independent from poverty analysis? 4) What is the concept of child poverty? 3) Which are the most relevant indicators for child poverty measurement, more adequate to the concept presented? The first part of this dissertation presents the main approaches on the child and their childhood, essential to understand the relevance of a concrete analysis of child poverty. This option emphasises the need for development of wider approaches, where low income is but one dimension. The second part develops the concept of child poverty based on the human rights of children. The 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child sets the required normative framework for the multidimensional approach of the phenomenon, The identification of a situation of child poverty as a state of deprivation implies a direct observation of children s well-being. The aim is to identify those children bellow a socially accepted minimum standard of well-being. Hence, the third and last part of the dissertation focuses on the presentation of a set of specific indicators to measure existing situations of deprivation.

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Mestrado em Economia e Política Social

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Pobreza infantil, Deprivation, Portugal, Children s human rights, Direitos humanos das crianças, Child Poverty, Privação, Bem-estar das crianças, Measures of Deprivation, Medidas de privação, Children's well-being

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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