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Master thesis . 2018
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Avaliação da transferência da imunidade passiva em vitelos de explorações leiteiras

Authors: Cota, Luís Manuel Freitas;

Avaliação da transferência da imunidade passiva em vitelos de explorações leiteiras

Abstract

A transferência da imunidade passiva é essencial na espécie bovina, pelo que é importante avaliar se ela ocorreu, e, se necessário, introduzir alterações ao maneio do colostro na exploração. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o maneio do colostro e identificar fatores de risco para a falha da transferência de imunidade passiva (FTIP). Foi definida como FTIP os animais que tinham um valor de proteínas totais séricas inferiores a 5,5 g/dl. Foram avaliadas 16 explorações na Ilha Terceira e 13 na região de Entre Douro e Minho. Dessas explorações, foram avaliados um total de 346 vitelos. Na Ilha Terceira 24,2% dos animais avaliados apresentavam FTIP. Por sua vez, na região Entre Douro e Minho 45,7% dos animais avaliados tinham essa falha. Constatou-se que a qualidade do colostro aumenta com o número de lactações. No entanto não foram encontradas evidências estatísticas de que se possa aferir a sua qualidade apenas pelo número de lactações do animal. Concluiu-se que, em sistema de pastoreio, o vitelo ficar com a progenitora e com a manada após o parto representa um fator de risco para a ocorrência de FTIP, com um OR 4,45 (IC 95%), comparativamente àqueles animais que ficaram apenas com a mãe. Constatou-se também que deixar o vitelo com a mãe quando esta é primípara tem um OR 4,14 e 2,99 (IC 95%) para a ocorrência de FTIP comparativamente a progenitoras de 2 e de 3 ou mais lactações. Na Ilha Terceira foi identificado que intervalos de 6 a 12 horas e de mais de 12 horas entre o parto e a toma do colostro apresentam um OR para ocorrência de FTIP de 9,7 e 12,4 (IC 95%), quando comparados com administrações entre as 0 e 4 horas. Identificou-se que quando a progenitora/dadora do colostro é primípara existe um OR para ocorrência de FTIP de 33,04 e 31,76 (IC 99%), quando comparada com progenitoras/dadoras na lactação 2 e lactação 3 ou superior. Em Entre Douro e Minho não foi possível identificar qualquer fator de risco. Na análise das duas regiões identificou-se a administração de colostro através de balde como um fator de risco para a FTIP, com um OR 49 (IC 99,9%), quando comparada com a administração através de biberão. Foi identificado que administrar menos que 2 litros de colostro tem um OR 31,8 (IC 95%), comparativamente a administrações de 4 ou mais litros para a ocorrência de FTIP. Verificou-se ainda que não existe a necessidade de centrifugar o sangue dos vitelos antes de medir as proteínas totais séricas, pois existe uma alta correlação entre os resultados antes e após a centrifugação.

ABSTRACT - Evaluation of Passive Immunity Transfer in Dairy Calves - The transfer of passive immunity is essential in the bovine species and it is therefore important to assess its occurrence and, if necessary, to make changes to the management of colostrum on the farms. The objective of this study was to evaluate colostrum management and to identify risk factors for failure of passive immunity transfer (FPT). All calf’s that had a serum total protein result under 5,5 g/dl were considered as suffering from FPT Seventeen farms were evaluated in Terceira Island and thirteen in the Entre Douro e Minho region. From these farms, a total of 346 calves were evaluated. In Terceira Island, 24.2% of the animals evaluated presented FPT. In the Entre Douro e Minho region, 45.7% of the animals evaluated had FPT. It was found that the quality of colostrum increases with the number of lactations. However, no statistical evidence was found that its quality can be assumed only by the number of lactations of the dam. It was concluded that, in this grazing system, the calf staying with the dam and the herd after calving represents a risk factor for the occurrence of FPT, with an OR of 4.45 (95% CI), compared to those animals that were alone with the dam. It was also observed that leaving the calf with the dam when it is a heifer had an OR of 4.14 and 2.99 (95% CI) compared to a dam of 2 and 3 or more lactations. In Terceira Island, it was identified that intervals of 6 to 12 hours and of more than 12 hours between birth and colostrum intake have an OR for FPT of 9.7 and 12.4 (95% CI) when compared to feeding between 0 and 4 hours. It was identified that when the dam/donor of colostrum is a heifer there is an OR for FPT occurrence of 33.04 and 31.76 (99% CI), when compared to dams/donors in lactation 2 and lactation 3 or higher. In the Entre Douro e Minho region it was not possible to identify any risk factor. In the analysis of the two regions, feeding colostrum with a bucket was identified as a risk factor for FPT, with an OR of 49 (CI 99.9%), when compared to feeding through a bottle. It was observed that feeding less than 2 liters of colostrum had an OR of 31.8 (95% CI), compared to feeding 4 or more liters. It was also found that there is no need to centrifuge calf blood before measuring the total serum proteins, as there is a high correlation between the results before and after the centrifugation.

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária

N/A

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Fatores de Risco, Risk Factors, Colostrum, Colostro, Entre Douro e Minho, Vitelos, Calves, Failure of Passive Immunity Transfer, Falha da Transferência da Imunidade Passiva, Açores, Azores

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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