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Doctoral thesis . 2018
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Ensaios em análise técnica e cadeias de Markov

Authors: RIEDLINGER DE MAGALHAES, FLAVIO IVO;

Ensaios em análise técnica e cadeias de Markov

Abstract

A hipótese do mercado eficiente (Fama, 1970) tem sido um dos mais fundamentais pilares da teoria financeira moderna. De acordo com a forma fraca da hipótese, os preços dos ativos financeiros devem refletir todas as informações disponíveis. Consequentemente, não é possível obter consistentemente retornos superiores à média do mercado com qualquer estratégia de investimento destinada a prever oscilações dos preços das ações com base em dados históricos (Fama, 1965; e Fama & Miller, 1972). No entanto, nas últimas décadas, estudos empíricos têm fornecido indícios de que os modelos utilizados para a previsão do mercado de ações com base em informações históricas, como a análise técnica (AT), podem conduzir a uma rentabilidade sustentável. Efetivamente, a metodologia da AT, uma das ferramentas de previsão de mercado financeiro mais ampla- mente utilizada, tem vindo a ser classificada como um método de alta performance, capaz de prever os mercados de ações. A AT é uma metodologia de previsão de preços e “timing“ de mercado que se baseia nas premissas de que os mercados oscilam por tendências, e de que essas tendências persistem, sugerindo algum tipo de dependência em série com base no seu comportamento passado. No jargão da AT, o mercado desconta tudo. Nesta dissertação, estudamos empiricamente a capacidade de previsão de indicadores de análise técnica e propomos um novo quadro teórico, baseado numa metodologia estatística e matemática bem definida. Neste sentido, apresentamos uma nova metodologia de AT, com base em cadeias de Markov multivariadas. Utilizando como fonte o modelo MTD- Probit proposto por Nicolau (2014), exploramos o uso da cadeia de Markov para explicar o desvio em relação à propriedade de Martingale quando o ”data-snooping” é estatisticamente controlado.

The efficient market hypothesis (Fama, 1970) has been one of the most fundamen- tal pillars of modern financial theory. According to the weak-form of the efficient market hypothesis, prices should reflect all available information. Consequently, it should not be possible to earn excess returns consistently from any investment strategy that attempts to predict asset price movements based on historical data (Fama, 1965; and Fama & Miler,1972). Nevertheless, in recent decades, empirical studies have provided evidence that models used for forecasting stock markets, such as technical analysis (TA), which are based on past stock price and volume, can lead to sustainable profitability. Indeed, the TA methodology, which is one of the most widely-used financial market forecasting tools, has been classified as a high-performing method, capable of predicting the stock market. TA is classified as a price forecasting and market timing methodology, based on the assumptions that markets move in trends, and that these trends persist, suggesting some sort of serial dependency of the behavior of past prices series. In the TA jargon, market action discounts everything. In this dissertation, we empirically study the predictive power of technical analysis indicators and propose a new theoretical framework, based on a well-defined statistical and mathematical platform. Accordingly, we introduce a new TA methodology, based on multivariate Markov chains. Using as a source the MTD-Probit model proposed by Nicolau (2014), we explore the use of the Markov chain to explain the departure from the martingale property when data snooping is statistically controlled.

Doutoramento em Economia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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