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Master thesis . 2025
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O impacto da irradiação na qualidade e segurança dos alimentos

Authors: Pereira, Catarina dos Santos Vieira;

O impacto da irradiação na qualidade e segurança dos alimentos

Abstract

A irradiação de alimentos é uma tecnologia física não térmica que visa melhorar a qualidade e a segurança dos produtos alimentares, prolongando a sua vida útil sem comprometer as suas propriedades nutricionais e sensoriais. Expondo alimentos a doses controladas de radiação ionizante, o processo tem a capacidade para eliminar microrganismos patogénicos, inibir a germinação de tubérculos e retardar o amadurecimento de frutas, mantendo a integridade dos alimentos. Estudos científicos e normas de organizações idóneas como a FAO, OMS e IAEA confirmam que a irradiação é segura, preservando os nutrientes e minimizando alterações químicas nos alimentos. Em comparação com os métodos tradicionais não apresenta riscos toxicológicos, microbiológicos ou nutricionais superiores; em relação a métodos térmicos, causa menos impacto nas características sensoriais, como sabor e textura, tornando-se uma alternativa eficaz para garantir a segurança alimentar. No entanto, a sua aceitação ainda enfrenta resistência, principalmente devido a perceções negativas sobre a radiação. A aplicação adequada da irradiação pode ajudar a prevenir doenças de origem alimentar e reduzir o desperdício, mantendo a qualidade dos alimentos por mais tempo. Campanhas educativas e padronização das regulamentações podem superar a resistência dos consumidores, enquanto inovações futuras e a combinação com outras técnicas de conservação, podem ampliar seu impacto positivo na segurança alimentar. Palavras-chave: irradiação, alimentos, efeitos, segurança, qualidade.

Food irradiation is a non-thermal physical technology aimed at improving the quality and safety of food products, extending their shelf life without compromising their nutritional and sensory properties. By exposing foods to controlled doses of ionizing radiation, the process can eliminate pathogenic microorganisms, inhibit tuber sprouting, and delay fruit ripening, while maintaining food integrity. Scientific studies and guidelines from reputable organizations such as the FAO, WHO, and IAEA confirm that irradiation is safe, preserving nutrients and minimizing chemical changes in food. Compared to traditional methods, it does not present higher toxicological, microbiological, or nutritional risks; and in relation to thermal methods, it causes less impact on sensory characteristics such as flavor and texture, making it an effective alternative for ensuring food safety. However, its acceptance still faces resistance, mainly due to negative perceptions about radiation. The proper application of irradiation can help prevent foodborne diseases and reduce waste, maintaining food quality for longer periods. Educational campaigns and standardization of regulations can overcome consumer resistance, while future innovations and the combination with other preservation techniques may further enhance its positive impact on food safety. Keywords: irradiation, food, effects, quality, safety.

Trabalho Final de Mestrado Integrado, Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2024, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia.

Country
Portugal
Keywords

Alimentos, Efeitos, Segurança, Irradiação, Qualidade, Mestrado Integrado - 2024, Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Médicas::Ciências da Saúde

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green